Miklós Kásler - Zoltán Szentirmay (szerk.): Identifying the Árpád Dynasty Skeletons Interred in the Matthias Church. Applying data from historical, archaeological, anthropological, radiological, morphological, radiocarbon dating and genetic research (Budapest, 2021)

CHAPTER SEVEN – Genetic investigations

Evaluating the detection of A-STR markers on bone samples from nine skeletons using PCR amplification (Budapest-1 )

1. We

investigated a total of 18 A-STR markers at our laboratory in Budapest, as the SE33 marker was excluded from Tables 9.1 and 9.2, due to the large number of PCR errors.

2. We

conducted the PCR analysis of Anne of Antioch’s bone samples with much fewer repetitions (2x-8x) compared to the laboratory in Göttingen,

but

we were using different PCR kits.

3. The

fingerprint alleles of markers D3S1368, D8S1179 and D19S433 and the female skeletons (Anne A., 11/109) had to be accepted after 2 trials at most, and thus the criteria were less strict than at the Göttingen

laboratory.

The result of a single PCR amplification is also displayed.

4. Samples

marked with ** are not considered acceptable data.

5. The

PCR results of markers with alleles longer than 17 repetitions (D2S1338, D21S11, vWA) show a high degree of variation.

Combined results of the Göttingen

laboratory

and Budapest-1

With a few exceptions, the A-STR marker results from Göttingen

and Budapest are the same; the same results were obtained from the PCR analysis of Béla

III

and the partially different bone samples of skeleton II/52_3. In the case of every other skeleton, one allele difference occurred, but this was related to the condition of the bone structure. Thus, the differences between the A-STR data from Göttingen and

Budapest were the following: only a single different marker in the case of skeleton G5, four markers in the case of 11/53, 144