Zalai Múzeum 15. Horváth László 60 éves (Zalaegerszeg, 2006)

Irena Šavel: The Excavation Site „Behind Raščica near Krog” the Settlement of the Somogyvár–Vinkovci Culture

136 Irena Savel Stratum no. 2 - constituent part of stratum no. 1 (i.e. arable land), 0.05 m to 0.20 m in thickness, sometimes found below stratum no. 1 as a consequence of deep ploughing; it contained diverse prehistoric material, including a stone-mould (Fig. 6: 3), an ornamented vessel on a foot (Fig. 2: 4) and various materials of more recent date. Stratum no. 3 - formed by continuous flooding and cultivation of the land; basically a brown clayey soil, 0.60 m to 0.86 m in thickness, it was located below strata 1 and 2. Stratum no. 5 - brown-red soil mixed with river sand, 0.05 to 0.10 m in thickness; it lay on stratum 5A (sterile geological stratum in which many different prehistoric structures were incorporated) and on numerous prehistoric structures; it contained prehistoric pottery (Figs.2: 3, 5; 3: 6-7; 4: 1; 6: 5), household lep,

1 spindles, wheel of a model handcart (Fig. 5: 3), small stone tools and querns. Stratum no. 7 - a destroyed prehistoric structure; consisted of brown soil in which the following items were found: pottery (Figs. 4: 6; 5: 4), household lep, spindles (Fig. 4: 7) and querns; it was of irregular shape (13 x 6.5 m in size), 0.10 to 1.15 m in thickness; it was found below stratum no. 1 and partially below stratum no. 3; it was found in sec. V and VI (qu. 70, 71, 86, 87). Stratum no. 34 - formed in a manner very similar to that of stratum no. 3; consisted of brown clay, was of irregular shape, measuring 42 x 15.5 m in size, 0.20 m in thickness; it was found above stratum 321 and covered a large number of prehistoric structures; it was found in sec. IV-VI (qu. 49,49 A, 51-53, 68-70, 84-87). Stratum no. 62, 180 - formed in a manner very similar to that of stratum no. 3; consisted of brown clay, was of irregular shape, 58 x 22 m in size, up to 0.15 m in thickness; located below stratum 1 and found above stratum 5A; it covered a large number of prehistoric structures: 995 fragments of prehistoric pottery were found in this stratum (Fig. 3: 2), 20 pieces of lep, 3 spindles, 2 microliths; it was found in sec. I, IA to V (qu. 9A, 10A, 10-13, 27-30, 43^6, 60-63, 77-79). Stratum no. 110 - deposited stratum; consisted of brown clay, 0.40 m in thickness; it was located under stratum 3 and was found above the stratum of sterile clay, no. 321; it was found in sec. VI (qu. 74, 75, 90, 91); the stratum was very probably a passable area within Feature no. 32. Stratum no. 580 - deposited stratum; consisted of dark-grey swampy clay, up to 0.40 m in thickness; it was found below stratum no. 565; it was found in sec. I to III (qu. 114-117, 139-140, 162); some fragments of pottery were found in this stratum. Stratum no. 613 - consisted of yellowish-brown sandy clay with a diameter of 8 m; interpreted as structural ruins since it contained prominent patches of burnt soil at the edges and pottery; 0,50 m in thickness and it covered structures; it was found in sec. VII and VIII (qu. 227, 228, 230, 231). Stratum no. 614- consisted of brown-red clay with gravel stones; 0.60 m in thickness. Stratum no. 615 - consisted of dark-grey clay with gravel stones; located in sec. VII (qu. 226). Prehistoric structures (Annex) Archaeological excavations at the site Behind Rascica near Krog confirmed that this area was first settled in the Early Bronze Age (the Somogyvár Vinkovci culture); a damaged grave that was found confirms a graveyard from the Bronze Age that was destroyed at a later date; sec. VII and VIII give evidence of a poorly preserved stratum from the Roman times. In the present article I will focus strictly on the settlement of the Early Bronze Age period. More important prehistoric features Feature no. 6, 32 (qu. 74-76, 90-92), 17 x 10 m in size and 0.15 to 0.20 m in depth. It was found below stratum no. 1 and buried in stratum no. 5. The fill consisted of brown clay with a great number of prehistoric finds. On the inside of the feature, that is, at its furthest edge, the following items were located: a water reservoir (no. 374), remnants of gravelly paving (no. 354), several dug pits and hollows (no. 417, 407, 319) and numerous post holes (no. 97, 336, 397, 408, 410, 423, 428). The feature contained 3908 fragments of prehistoric pottery (Figs. 3: 1, 3, 4; 4: 5; 5: 1, 5; 6: 4), 400 pieces of lep, 5 spindles, 5 microliths, fragmented wheel of a model handcart (Fig. 5: 6) and fragments of a model handcart (Fig. 5: 2). Feature no. 12, 13 (qu. 41-42, 57-58) was of irregular shape, 4.4 x 2.2 m in size, 0.20 to 0.50 m in depth. It was found below stratum no. 1 and buried in stratum no. 5. The fill consisted of brown clay with a great number of prehistoric finds: 1788 fragments of pottery (Figs. 2: 1,2; 3: 5; 4: 2, 4), a whole vessel, 340 pieces of lep, microliths, fragments of querns and a spindle. Outside the feature and possibly connected with it were dug pits and hollows (no. 94, 96, 11), a fireplace (no. 528) and 12 post holes of smaller dimensions. Feature no. 223, 165 (qu. 86) was of irregular shape, 6.5 x 4 m in size, 0.17 m in depth. It was found below stratum no. 34 and buried in stratum no. 321. The fill consisted of dark-brown clay. Within the