Hárshegyi Piroska: Kereskedők Sallában 2. (Zalalövő öröksége 4. Zalalövő, 2006)

goods here in Pannónia, we can suppose that wholesalers bought them in the larger depots and transported them to the purchasers with definite plans or concrete orders in the hand. Customs duty had to be paid on the border of the province, which could be 12.5%, high enough to raise the price of the already expensive good. Owing to the presence of the army, Salla was flourishing from a commercial aspect as well in the 1

st century and at the beginning of the 2

nd century AD, which could be observed in the case of Samian wares, another important commodity. First of all North Italian wine amphoras appeared with the Roman army, and Aegean (Rhodos, Knidos, Kos, Crete) containers occurred continuously, although in small numbers, until the middle of the 2

nd century In this period a few fish sauce amphoras arrived from Hispánia (Pélicher's type 46) and the northern banks of the Adriatic Sea (Aquincum type 78/Grado's type I), and oil from Istria (Dressel's type 6B). Naturally, there are many amphora shapes, the content of which is unknown. At least the analysis of the material of the amphora and the finding circumstances of the fragments can inform about the age and the origin of the vessel. So we can certainly affiliate numerous other fragments to the above mentioned period without being able to tell what they contained. The Marcomann wars that devastated the province in the 60's and 70's of the 2

nd century AD seem to have caused a significant decline in Salla, which can also be observed in the drastic fall of the number of imported wares in this period. The army was transferred to the limes after the Marcomann wars, and the largest market of buying power followed it. We can practically not find any amphora in Salla from the end of the 2

nd century AD. Only a couple of oil amphoras (Dressels's type 20) show the changed market and demands. Wine probably continued to arrive in the town, only archaeologists cannot find the wine barrels. Their existence, however, is evidenced by numerous carved stones and other archaeological finds (a wooden wine barrel was found in a secondary position in Salla as well). Beside barrels, we also know of huge wine-skins, they were depicted in numerous stone carvings. Roman soldiers drank beer beside wine. According to record from the end of the 1

st century, a retired soldier lived on beer brewing and he supplied the army with this alcoholic drink. Exotic fruit products and garum (fish sauce) disappeared even from the elite households of Salla in this second period. The only commodity that had to be imported on all accounts was olive oil, as it was indispensable in the kitchen just as well as in the lamps.