Tóth G. Péter szerk.: A Veszprém Megyei Múzeumok Közleményei 25 (Veszprém, 2008)

JUDIT REGÉNYE LITÉR-PAPVÁSÁR-HEGY NEOLITHIC SETTLEMET BY THE SÉD STREAM. THE EXCAVATION OF THE SITE AND THE ANALYSIS OF CERAMIC FINDS The construction works of the bypassing section of road 71 gave the opportunity to excavate the Litér-Papvásár-hegy Neolithic settlement. The lane of the planned road section between Papkeszi and Balatonfűzfő intersected the site by crossing the hillrange lying on the western side of the wide marshy valley of Séd stream. The Neolithic settlement started at the feet of the hill still on the marshy part and reached approx. 240 metres long upon the hillside. The extension corresponds to an average, smaller settlement in size. An east-west cross-section of the southern part was gained by the excavation. Two horizons could be distinguished on the different levels of the site. At the feet of the hill, on the lower part the finds of Early Linear Pottery Culture (Bina-Bicske phase), on the upper part finds of the Zseliz phase were found. Settlement features: The Neolithic settlement consists of 108 features. Finds were found in 31 out of them. Situated on the northern side of the site two house-sections (House Nr. 1. and 2.) were excavated from the Zseliz horizon. House 1. is a classic longhouse with double postholes on the southern end. At present the degree of excavation is insufficient to define the structure of House 2. Also, the houses of the early Linear Pottery horizon are situated hypothetically in the area, based on the pits attached to the houses on the one hand, and the triple postholes on the other. Finds: More than half of the finds belong to the Bina/ Bicske-phase of Linear Pottery ceramics. Regarding the situation of the houses and the character of the ceramics, it maybe concluded, that the features are not of the same period. Some pieces found in pits Nr. 188 and 197 in the middle of the area, and also some fragments of ceramics in feature Nr. 237, refer to the chronologically different Milanovce-phase. For example, the biconical vessel with rounded carination, the pressed-in line of points under the inverted rim of the big vessel in feature Nr. 188; the line-decoration under the rim, the red paint, and the huge number of undecorated side-fragments of coarse ware in feature Nr. 197; the U-shaped pattern in feature Nr. 237. The difference is minute, but still can be detected not so much in shape and decoration as in the material of ceramics. The technology of tempering is different, since besides organic materials sand is applied in higher proportion. Houses Nr. 1. and 2. and pits attached to them contain entirely Zseliz-finds, because of the application of patterns dated back to mid-Zseliz-phase, like doublelined, angled bands and wavy-lines. KATALINT. BIRÓ THE LITHIC MATERIAL OF LITÉRPAPVÁSÁR-HEGY Stone finds at Litér-Papvásár-hegy of the different periods of the mid-Neolithic era were significant but not of outstanding quantity. Stone tools of the Zseliz phase and Early Linear Pottery culture can be separated within the stone finds dated by ceramics found in closed features. The Szentgál (and further Transdanubian) radiolarite, which can be considered as local raw material, is dominant in both groups of finds. Though quantity data do not prove it, the type-composition of the Early Linear Pottery stone-finds univocally indicate local processing workshop activity. The Zseliz material is definitely smaller in quantity, but is of greater variety considering both the composition of raw materials and typology. The groups of stone tools suit well in the surroundings of mid-Neolithic stone-tool finds known of the Balaton and Balaton-Highland regions.