A Veszprém Megyei Múzeumok Közleményei 24. (Veszprém, 2006)

Regenye Judit: Temetkezések Veszprém, Jutasi út lelőhelyen (Lengyel kultúra, Balaton–Lasijna kultúra)

41 PAVUK-BATORA 1995. 119. 42 PADER 1982. 39. 43 MILISAUSKAS 2002. 181.; ASSMANN 2004. 61-64. 44 REGÉNYE 1994 45 KALICZ 1995b. 75-76.; KALICZ 2003. 14. 46 KALICZ 1995a. 3. ábra 12. 47 HORVÁTH-H. SIMON 2003. 21. kép 11. 48 HORVÁTH-H. SIMON 2003. 21. kép 9., 24. kép 3. 49 VIRÁG 2002. 12. kép 2. 50 PAVÚK-BÁTORA 1995. 65-66. 51 Fekete festés a késői lengyeli kultúrában előfordult pl. Zalaszentbalázson BONDÁR 1995. 55., Veszprémben RACZKY 1974. 199. Veszprém is one of the most significant sites of the late period of the Lengyel culture and it has been known almost for a quarter of a century. There have been excavations at several points of this extensive settlement, at two places graves have come up as well. During the excavation of 2003, the graves of the Lengyel culture turned up at only one point, in the north-western quarter of the settlement, on a free area between the houses and the huge pits used for extracting clay. Eight graves belong to the group of graves. All of them are inhumation burials, saven of them are in contracted position, while one is lying on its back. The east - west orientation dominates, half of the graves like this, but three of them deviate a bit from this orientation to the north. One grave appears with a west - east orientation. The former ones are all lying on their left sides, while the letter one is lying on its right, so the face consistently fronts to the south. The graves are rich in grave furniture as it is usual in the burials of the Lengyel culture. The richest grave is the 5

th one (male) that lies in the middle of the group of graves: 4 vessels, a shaft-hole axe, a polished axe, a chisel, the fragment of another axe, a whetstone, 6 flint tools, among them an obsidian one, 1 boar tusk, 2 polished bone tools and 5 beads were in the grave. The 6

th and 7

th graves, two female burials also contained varied grave furniture. In the 6

th grave there were 5 vessels, 2 flint tools and ochre pieces, while in the 7

th grave 7 vessels, 12 beads and 5 red deer teeth, 2 stone tools and the fragment of a quern were found. In the 2

nd (male) grave a shaft-hole axe and a stone chisel turned up beside 2 vessels. In the 3

rd (female) grave a stone tools was placed next to 3 vessels. In the remaining 3 graves there was only one piece of grave furniture in each: a vessel in the 4

th grave, a flint tool in the 1

st child grave, and in the 8

th (male) grave there was also a flint tool. To identify the age of the burials, the pottery placed into the graves may help. There were 22 vessels altogether in 6 out of the 8 uncovered graves, 7 of them are fragmentary. The grave ceramics is really varied in its composition. Paint52 NÉMETH 1994. 244.; EGRY 1999., 2003. Köszönöm M. Virág Zsuzsannának a kerámialeletek értékeléséhez adott értékes tanácsait. 53 DOMBAY 1960. 34. tábla 4. 54 KALICZ 1969. 86., 1969-70. 81.; NÉMETH 1994; BÁNFFY 1996; VIRÁG 1996. 23., 30.; SOMOGYI 2000. 6.; ILON 2004. 40^1.; HORVÁTH-H. SIMON 2003. 110., 55 NEVIZÁNSKY 1985. 65.; TOCIK 1991. 306. 56 VIRÁG 2003. 394. 57 SOMOGYI 2000. 41. 58 A rajzokat Nagy Katalin, a tárgyfotókat Oszkó Zsuzsa készítette. ed vessels of good quality were found in the graves, the only exception is the 6th grave. The painted vessels of the 4

th

, 5

th

, 7

th graves are more archaic pieces compared to the vessel with a handle found in the 3

rd grave, and the cup and the pedestalled bow of the 6

th grave. We can find related pieces in the pottery from the late period found in the cemeteries in the southern part of Transdanubia, and in some Austrian finds. The ceramics entirely have the characteristic features of the II and III period of the Lengyel culture. On the basis of this, the graves are most likely from the II b period. The vessels found in the graves during the excavation in 1972 have the characteristics that are typical to the late Lengyel culture. On the basis of this, the graves are most likely from the II b period. The vessels found in the graves during the excavation in 1972 have the characteristics that are typical to the late Lengyel culture, they are different from the previously depicted grave pottery. This earliter excavation took place in the centere of the settlement, while the on in 2003 was done at the western margin of it. Here we found painted pottery in the material of the settlement as well, in some features in huge quantity. According to the signs, the western margin of the settlement was the earliest inhabited part, the graves might have got underground in the early period of the life of the settlement. In the south-western quarter of the excavation in 2003, we found some graves that can be dated later than the previous group of graves and belong to the Balaton-Lasinja culture. Three of the graves were in the immediate vicinity of each other, while the fourth one (child grave) was a bit further. All of the graves were dug in the cultural layer of the Lengyel culture, we did not find any settlement occurrence of the Balaton-Lasinja culture during the excavation. All four graves were inhumation burials in contracted position with various orientations. The 9

th grave was a child burial with vessel and shell-jewellery furniture. The three adult burials lying next to each other are less regular: the 15

th grave was inhumation burial in contracted positions, the BURIALS AT THE SITE VESZPRÉM, JUTÁSI STREET (LENGYEL CULTURE, BALATON-LASINJA CULTURE) 18