Perémi Ágota (szerk.): Hadak útján. Népvándorlás Kor Fiatal Kutatóinak XXIII. konferenciakötete (Veszprém, 2016)
Prohászka Péter: Karl Ludwig Moser és egy népvándorlás kori fülbevalópár a szlovéniai Tomajból
from which it originates. However, the closest forms of spikes occur among iron and bronze hooked spurs (also quasi-looped) and looped spurs (especially with yoke decorated with bulges),25 that is types commonly occurring till the beginning of the 9th century. That fact, of course, does not exclude a possibility that such a spikes were applied at other types of spurs. A similar type of spike decoration appeared at'poorer'iron spurs of the 'Biskupija-Crkvina' type,26 but this is an isolated case and, besides, spikes of that spurs usually do not form an entirety with a spur, but they are riveted. It should be noted, that such ornamentation of a spike is unlikely to occur on other types of spurs with plates. Territorially and stylistically, the closest analogies to the finding from Klátova Nová Ves are, again, bronze hooked spurs from Uherské Hradisté27 and Olomouc.28 Certainly, the finding of the unfinished/failed casting, testifies for a local spur production in the space of Klátova Nová Ves. From the inner area of the hillfort also comes the axe with elongated beard (Fig. 9.2.), belonging to the type Va according to A. Ruttkay.29 Unfortunately, this type of axe can be dated only generally to 8th/9th-10th century. Summarizing, on the one hand we have almost clear Avar-like milieu, consisted of indeed extraordinary items, which can be ascribed to the warrior layer, but on the other hand finds of the hooked spur and the intermediate product, indicate the use of older fortifications by non-Avar, i.e. Slavic, society, maybe some representatives of the local elites, as well as craftsmen who worked for them. This situation is similar to those stated at number of late 8th century hillforts from Moravia and Bohemia, located beyond borders of the Khaganate or just at its boundaries, where Avar decorations occur together with hooked spurs.30 It is, however, an extraordinarily thing, that in contrast to the strongholds where the large series of Late and Declining Avar Period artefacts were found, 25 KavAnovA 1976, tab. HI; Vinski 1978-1979, tab. VI, Vili; Zak-Maíkowiak- Kotkqwska 1988, tab. IV-XII; PoulIk 1997; Abb. 3, Abb. 6; Milosevic 2000, IV.131; MéHnskí 2002,211,256,266; Kind 2007, Abb. 1:2, Abb. 3, Abb. 6. 26 Jelovina 1986, tab. IX:109. 27 PoulIk 1997, Abb. 6:1,2. 28 BlAha 1988, obr. 7. 29 Ruttkay 1976, 307,311. 30 ProfantovA 2010,230; ZAbojnIk 2011. at area of Sance hillfort and its closest environment there are no traces of Slavic settlements, so far. Also, in contrast to the hillforts like Rubín-Dolánky31 or Kál,32 from Klátova Nová Ves only a small amount of bronze artefacts is known, and most of finds are weapons and tools made of iron. From the inner area of the hillfort there are only two pieces of early medieval pottery known, the rest of it is a prehistoric pottery, what suggests that fortifications had not been used at all or had been used temporarily only. It should be noted, that the youngest Early Medieval find from the inner area of the hillfort, so far, is the long-spur with plates (Fig. 9.1.) of the VB type according to Bialeková (1977, Abb. 2) and two rhomboidal arrowheads (Fig. 9. 3-4.), which can be directly linked with the Great Moravian or even post-Great Moravian milieu,33 what suggests, that the hillfort area was used also in the late 9th or even the 1st half of the 10th century. Certainly, in order to define character of the site itself and its surroundings, it is necessary to perform at least preliminary excavations. Klátova Nová Ves with its important artifacts from the 8thand 9thcenturies was a part of the densely populated Nitra basin region.This fact is confirmed by the amount of settlements, hillforts as well as barrow and flat burial grounds.34 The cultural situation of the breakthrough of the 8th and 9th century is clearly confirmed by further finds of the Avar Early Carolingian bronze products (Krnca, Hradec, Marhát hill, Bojná I),35 Byzantine-type buckles (Bojná III, Radosina)36 as well as several finds of the hooked spurs (Bojná I, Bojná III, Dőlné Vestenice)37 This area constituted an important background for the development of the Great Moravian agglomerations and centers of power in the 9th century like Nitra and Bojná. It seems at the moment that although the fortifications were erected in the period before the end of the 9th century, the profile of finds clearly confirms the continuity of development started already in the previous century.38 31 BubenIk 2006. 32 ProfantovA 2010. 33 Ruttkay 1976,348; Kouftn 2003. 34 $alkovskY2013. 35 BialekovA-Pieta 1964; ZAbojnIk 2011; Pieta 2015,16; Robak2015. 36 Pieta 2013; Pieta-Robak in print; Robak 2015. 37 Pieta 2013,424-425; Pieta-Robak in print; Robak 2015. 38 Ruttkay 2012. 133
