Savaria – A Vas Megyei Múzeumok Értesítője 36. – (2013) (Szombathely, 2013)

TÖRTÉNETTUDOMÁNY - KELBERT Krisztina: „HALLJUK GREISINGERNÉT!"

KELBERT Krisztina TARRÓDY János (szerk.) 1925 A Szombathelyi államilag segélyezett községi polgári fiú­iskola XXXVIII. értesítője az 1924-1925. iskolai évről. Szom­bathely TÓTH Endre 2011 Lapidarium Savariense. Savaria római feliratos kőemlékei. Savaria a Vas Megyei Múzeumok Értesítője 34/2. ZIMMERMANN, Susan 1999 Die bessere Hälfte?: Frauenbewegungen und Frauen­bestrebungen im Ungarn der Habsburgermonarchie 1848 bis 1918. Wien-Budapest Krisztina KELBERT „LET'S LISTEN TO MRS GREISINGER!" TRADITIONAL AND INNOVATIVE FEMALE ROLES, BASED ON THE LIFE OF A 19TH-20TH CENTURY FEMALE INTELLECTUAL FROM SZOMBATHELY In this study I am trying to add more details to the pic­ture created by Hungarian women's historiography of the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century, based on the exceptional life of Mrs Otto Greisinger, née Ilona Kerecsényi (1861-1935). What allows me to do this is that I know that this woman's work of activism, encompassing almost 50 years, sheds new light on the events, turning points, long term processes and trends of women's history. In my analysis I study her work based on spatial and temporal separation: I divide it into four periods (1883-1907; 1907-1914; 1914-1919; 1919-1935) and into traditional (confessional, charita­ble, patriotic) and innovative (feminist and missionary) spaces. The conventional spaces of the first period (1883-1907) include the Rongyos Egylet („Ragged Association") aimed at helping poor children, the Református Nőegylet („Calvinist Women's Union") and the Tulipánkert - Magyar Védő Egyesület („Tulip Garden - Hungarian Protection Union"), in addition to her teach­ing work at a girl's school and the start of her family life. In this era, her innovations culminated in the activities of the Szombathely girl's private high school that she her­self had founded. The second period (1907-1941) includes, along with the previously mentioned tradition­al activities, the presidency of the Szombathely Union of Women Officials and its activities aimed at the expan­sion of legal rights for women (including lifestyle reform, educational, cultural, private, labour and elec­toral rights). The third period of her life (1914-1919) was determined by the problems resulting from the first World War, which lead, at least on one side, to the strengthening of conventional female roles (like volun­tary work for the Red Cross). On the other hand, her bat­tle for women's rights took a new direction in this era. She performed active work during both the democratic revolution and republic. After the Communist acquisition of power, during the era of the Republic of Councils she performed roles in both the city council and the city judi­ciary, while also performing work for trade unions. After the fall of the Communist dictatorship, the fourth stage of her life started (1919-1935). Because of her activities during the Republic of Councils, she was B-listed and stripped of her teaching job. After the war, the Szombathely Union of Women Officials was margin­alised, making her work for the expansion of women's rights within the neoconservative post-revolutionary era impossible on the local, institutional level. This prohibi­tion of public activity did not mean a complete retreat and divestment from feminist ideals for Mrs Greisinger, as she joined the Feminist Union based in Budapest. Her letters preserved by the Feminist Archives (between 1921-1931) attest to this. After World War I, along with her feminist activities, charitable and missionary work and her role in the Református Nőegylet also had signif­icant importance in her life. Following and understand­ing these will - I think - allow us to position her life among the figures of Hungarian and Central European women's movements and feminism. 384

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