Savaria - A Vas Megyei Múzeumok értesítője 30. (2006) (Szombathely, 2007)

Régészet - Choyke, Alice: A mindennapi élet és halál árnyjátékai: Gór–Kápolnadomb a proto-lengyeli kultúrában

Savaria a Vas megyei Múzeumok Értesítője, 30 (2006) signs of having been re-worked. A fifth tool was abandoned half-finished (Figure. 4 a-e). Only the boar tusk scraper/awl tool was broken and apparently thrown away because it could no longer be repaired or turned into another tool type. The antler tine is also of little interest here because although it too was discarded while it still could be used, it is a non-characteristic form in prehistoric times so that this object cannot be dated directly to any particular period. Three of the tools were thus thrown away when they were usable and at totally different stages in their work-lives. It is relatively unusual to find complete bone tools discarded in this manner at prehistoric sites in Hungary. Most often such utensils were used, broken and renewed until they were no longer effective as tools and then discarded. However, as mentioned above, at least three of these objects were still usable and one was half-finished. THE MATERIAL Because bone tools are so little discussed in the archaeological literature of the region it seems useful here to discuss each tool type in detail. The typology employed in this study is one developed originally by Jörg Schibier (1981) on the huge Cortaillod bone tool assemblages at the Swiss Lake dwelling of Twann on the Lake of Biel in western Switzerland. Schibler later refined this typology in his work at other lake and marsh settlements in eastern Switzerland (SCHIBLER 1981, 1987, 1998; SCHIBLER et al. 1997a). In the interests of comparability across large areas I have adopted this typology and much of his methodology to prehistoric bone tool assemblages from Hungary and Asia Minor (CHOYKE 1997a, 2000, 2005, in press; CHOYKE et al. 2004). The following measurements also follow those used by Schibler (1981) and have become, more-orless, standard in the bone tool literature. GL = Greatest Length GB = Greatest Breadth GD = Greatest Depth LSD = Length of working edge or tip GSB = Breadth of working edge (on bevel-ended tools) Btip = Breadth of tip measured 5mm below end (on pointed tools) Dtip = Distance from end of tip to widest part of tool (on pointed tools; after Olsen 1984) 1. Large metapodium awl with epiphysis: (Schibler type 1/6, 1981). Measurements: GL= 83.5 mm; GB= 84.0 mm; GD= 16.1 mm; LSD= 5.6 mm; Btip= 3.5 mm; Dtip= 75.0 mm. Cattle {Bos taurus Linnaeus 1758) metatarsal, proximal fragment (Figure la). Upper part of feature 1. 95