A Nyíregyházi Jósa András Múzeum évkönyve 44. (Nyíregyháza, 2002)

Régészet - †Ivan Popovich: A multilevel settlement at village Baranincy/Baranya in the Transcarpathian Region

A multilevel settlement at village Baranincy/Baranya The second type is represented by a bowl with a rounded rim clearly separated by a deep line, and with rounded sides. The dark grey surface of the vessel is slightly smoothed. There is some sand in the clay (pi. Ill: 1). By its technological features, we attribute to the same group of pottery the side of a storage-vessel decorated by flutes on its widest part. Analogous forms of storage vessels and ornamentation motifs are used in the second phase of the Felsőszöcs/Suciu de Sus Culture in Romania (BADER 1978. 195, pi. X: 15) and in the cemetery of Alsóberecki in North-East Hungary (KEMENCZEI 1981. 79, Abb. 6: 1,2, 12). Pottery with pink surface is represented by some pieces. Here we can mention a bowl with everted rim and small knobs under the rim (pi. Ill: 5), and a bottom part of a pedestalled vessel (the diameter of the pedestal: 9 cm). The exterior part of the pedestal is decorated by cogged stamped ornament, the basis of the bottom - with incised lines (pi. Ill: 3). Tableware is represented by dippers. We have to note that the character of the clay and technological features differ from that of the bowl. The potsherds are brown, there is sand and chamot in the clay. The surface is soap-like, soft. By its basic technological features this pottery stands closer to the ceramic products of the Gáva Culture. Among the expressive forms we have to mention dippers with a slightly everted rim, high cylindrical neck and sharply widening body separated from the neck by a deep flute. A trace of the side-handle remained on the body. The handle did not survive, but it was obviously emerging above the rim (pi. Ill: 8, V: 3). Another type is represented by a dipper with an everted rim, clearly separated deep neck and strongly widening biconical body (pi. Ill: 9). An analogous form of dippers is met rather frequently at the sites of the Felsőszőcs-Stanovo Culture. It is also known in the sites of the Berkesz Culture (KEMENCZEI 1986, 95, ris. 33: 6). The majority of the pottery is composed by kitchenware. Here we can mention pots with everted rim, hardly noticeable neck, biconical or rounded body (pi. IV: 1-3, 5; V: 1). The surface of the potsherds is usually brown, sometimes it is smoothed. On some fragments, where the engobe was destroyed, grains of small pebble can be well seen (pi. IV: 1). Ornamentation is not characteristic for this type of pottery. Sometimes we meet two small handles with holes in them on two opposite sides of the upper part of the vessel (pi. IV: 4, 8). Sometimes there are finger imprint decorations on the edge of the rim combined with small knobs (pi. V: 6). The shapes of simple pottery listed above can be met on all of the settlements of the Felsőszőcs-Stanovo Culture. In the pottery material of the investigated feature we found a baking pot. Fragments of its rim and the lower part have been preserved. The rim of the baking pot is slightly rounded, the lower part of the pot is represented by an evenly cut bottom (pi. VI: 1, 4). The walls of the upper part are decorated by comb ornament. Earlier forms of this pottery type, in its classical shape, are met in the Ottomány Culture in the region of Spisská Nova Ves/Igló in Slovakia (VLADAR-BARTONÉK 1977. 383, Abb. 14). They are usually found almost on each settlement of the Stanovo Culture in the Transcarpathian Region (BALAHURI 1974. 38-41, KOBAL' 1996,137, pi. VIII: 4), on the sites of this culture in Transylvania (BADER 1978. 203, pi. VI: 1-3) and also in North-East Hungary (KEMENCZEI 1984. Tab. IV: 16). Pottery having analogies in the Gáva Culture makes a separate genetic group. We have to underline that its finds are less numerous than that of the pottery group belonging to the Felsőszőcs-Stanovo Culture. Pottery of this group can also be divided to table- and kitchenware. A relatively large group is composed by black smoothed pottery. In most of the cases