A Nyíregyházi Jósa András Múzeum évkönyve 36. - 1994 (Nyíregyháza, 1995)

Ferenc Horváth–Ede Hertelendi: Contribution to the 14C based absolute chronology of the Early and Middle Neolithic Tisza region

HORVÁTH-HERTELENDI and alongside the water-system of Tére-ér, Hód-tó, Bogdány-ér (Fig. 2). We name it — because of its unique ALPC-Vinca character outside of the area of the Banat Culture — Tére-part Group ofALPC. In this area among seven ALPC sites three are Szakáihát, and they are very close to each other. Similar find material of the ALPC sites, however, never contains Szakáihát imports. According to the traditional chronology and the „rule" of the horizontal stratigraphy, the age of the Szakáihát sites here ought to be of Vinca Bl. From the interconnections detailed above with a „compromise" of the 14C data (regarding the ana­lysed clusters) we conclude the following periodiza­tion of the turn of Early and Middle Neolithic, and the first part (Vinca A period) of the Middle Neolithic in the Tisza region: I-II. 6300-5500: Körös Culture (Early and Middle Phases). III. 5500-5400: Körös Culture III. periode. In the first half of this timespan (late periode, which really precede the appearance of the Vinca culture): (Szajol, Szolnok-Szanda, Hódmezővásárhely Kotacpart, Zsol­dos tanya, the earlier phases) - the end of the Méhtelek - probably the beginning of the earliest TLPC (Budapest - Aranyhegyi út) tohether with the earliest West Slovakian LPC (Nitra ?) - Starcevo in South Transdanubia (Lánycsók) - Starcevo Ilia (Circea Ilia) - Karanovo II - Anza III. In the second half of this period: (with the first elements of the earliest Vinca-like technologies and forms) Körös culture III. - Protovinca 1 - (the end phases of Endrőd 119, Szajol, Szolnok-Szanda, Hód­mezővásárhely-Kotacpart, Szentes-Ilonapart, Deszk­Olajkút pit 8, Maroslele-Pana pit 4, Öcsöd pit 2) ­early TLPC - WSLPC (Bicske 1971/1 house, Bares, Hurbanovo) - Barca Svetla III, Kosice (Kassa) Cer­veny Rak (?) in East Slovakia) - Záuan - Ciumesti ­Vinca Al - Starcevo Illb, Circea (Illb) - Anza IVa ­beginning of Karanovo Ilia. IV. 5400-5300: In the first part of the period: The surving Körös Culture - Protovinca 2 - (Deszk-Olaj­BENKŐ-HORVÁTH-HORVATINCIC-OBELIC 1989­Benkő, L.-Horváth, F.-Horvatincic, N.-Obelic, B.: Radiocarbon and Thermoluminescence Dating of Prehistoric Sites in Hungary and Yugoslavia. 13th International Radiocarbon Conference, Dubrovnik, Yugoslavia 1988. Radiocarbon 31.3- 1989-992-1002. BOWMAN-AMBERS-LEESE 1990. British Museum Na­tural Radiocarbon Measurements. Radiocarbon Vol 32.1, 59-79. CHAPMAN 1981. Chapman, J.: The Vinca Culture of South-East Europe. &4#Int.Ser.ll7 (2) i-ii. Oxford 1981. kút pit 15, Maroslele-Pana pit 3, Gyálrét pit 1, Gorzs­Kovácshalom) - Szatmár II (Rétközberencs, Öcsöd pit 1) - Piscolt 1 (Lutärie, Cápleni) - Michalovce Hradok obj. 2,3 - Szamos (Sonkád 1) - Ószentiván VIII (earliest) - Bicske (1976. III. ditch. 1. pit) - Bíha (obj. 36) - Fájsz (South Transdanubia) - Staróevo IVa (Circea IV) - Vinca Al/2 - Karanovo Illa - Anza IVa. In the second half of this period: ALPC II (Hor­tobágy - Falu véghalom) - Earliest Esztár (?) (Berety­tyóújfalu Szentmárton Morotva pit A) - Téré group beginning - Ószentiván VIII - Tiszasziget - Zemplín­ske Kopcany (pit 9) - Barca III. Michalovce in West Slovakia - Medina in Transdanubia - Piscolt 2 ­Starcevo IVb - Vinca A2 - Karanovo Illa - Anza IVa. V-VI. 5300-5200: ALPC 2. -Tiszadob (Tiszavasvári­Keresztfal) - Szamos (Sonkád 2) - Esztár (Berettyó­újfalu - Szilhalom, Berettyóújfalu-Szentmárton Mo­rotva pit A) - end of Tére-group - beginning of Szakáihát Battonya - Parázstanya Tápé-Lebő-A. Lev. 17-16.) - Bicske (1974/a pit in trenches I-II) - begin­ning of Keszthely group in South­West-Transdanubia - earliest Notenkopf in West Slovakia - Gömör-Peder in East Slovakia - Bukovat la in Béga-Temes valley - Vinca A2/3 in the Banat - Karanovo 1Kb. - Anza IVb. VII. 5200-5100: ALPC 3 - (Tarnabod pit II, Bogács­Hintóvölgy) - Tiszadob - Szilmeg - Esztár (Berety­tyóújfalu Szentmárton Morotva pit B) - Szamos (Os­toros) - Szarvas-Szakáihát (Tápé-Lebő A 15-14. lev­els) - Notenkopf IL in Transdanubia - Bukovat I ­Vinca A3 (Lazarovici A3/B1) - Notenkopf II. in West-, Barca I, Raskovce, Sariske Michal'any, Bükk A in East Slovakia - Piscolt 2 - Vársári in NW-Ru mania ­earliest Notenkopf in Moldova (Tírpesti) - Karanovo IVa (?) - Anza IVb. VIII. 5100-5000: Szamos (Szamossályi) - Esztár ­Tiszadob (Ostoros) - Szilmeg - Bükk I (A-B) ­Szakáihát (Tápé-Lebő 14-13- levels, phase C, Bat­tonya end) - Bukovát I (?) - Notenkopf III. in West Slovakia, Transdanubia and Moldova (Tírpesti) ­Vinca Bl - Karanovo IVa (?). COMSA 1963. Comsa, E.: K voprosu o periodizacii neoliticheskih kultur na Severo-Zapade Ruminskoi Narodnoi Respubliki. Dacia VII. 1963.477-484. COMSA 1971. Comsa, E.: Über das Neolithikum in Westrumänien. AASzeg XIV. 1971.31-43. DRASOVEAN 1991. Drasovean, F.: Asezarea neoliticá de la Satchinez (jud.Timis). In: Cultura Vinca in Románia. Timisoara 1991-24-28. DRASOVEAN 1993- Drasovean, F.: Asezarea neoliticá de la Satchinez (judetul Timis). [The neolithic settlement from Satchinez (Timis county] Analclc Banatului 2.1993-25-48. References 118 Jósa András Múzeum Évkönyve 1994

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