Somogyi Múzeumok Közleményei 15. (2002)

Honti Szilvia – Belényesy Károly – Gallina Zsolt – Kiss Viktória – Kulcsár Gabriella – Marton Tibor – Nagy Ágnes † – Németh Péter Gergely – Oross Krisztián – Sebők Katalin – Somogyi Krisztina: A tervezett M7-es autópálya Somogy megyei szakaszán 2000–2001-ben végzett megelőző régészeti feltárások. Előzetes jelentés II.

35 Ordacsehi-Bugaszeg (Site Uli S-29, excavation of SMMI and MTA RI, 2000-2001) On the site, more than 70 000 m

2 was excavated, yielding 2 000 objects (Table VII. 1; IX. 1). The earliest remains are represented by the long hollows and storage pits of the population from the Transdanubian Linear Pottery culture, who represent connections with the Zseliz culture. From the Copper Age, objects from the Balaton Lasinja- and Boleraz culture were uncovered. Some settlement objects and burials present the early Bronze Age, namely the later phase of the Somogyvár Vinkovci culture, and the Kisapostag culture (Table VII. 2-3). During the research, twenty-thirty pits of a settlement were discovered, which can be linked to the earliest population of the Tumulus culture (Table VII. 5). Beehive-shaped storage pits of the Urnfield culture were also discovered by the investigations (Table VII. 4). Two cores of a late Celtic settlement (LT D) were also identified. Two larger houses were excavated, with postholes, with mudded-hammered floor, and one smaller building. Around them the excavation also uncovered pits and baking ovens with ceramic foundation. Objects from the Roman settlement (2

nd-3

rd centuries) concentrated in the western part of the research area: one building with a stone oven (Table VIII. 2), baking ovens, storage pits, ditches, and various pits. Outstanding among the object a large, 20x30 m

2

, building with postholes, which was identified as crop depot. Three wells were also unearthed. In one of the storage pits, remain of a „wooden box" was discovered, from which a large amount of wheat grains were collected (Table VIII. 1). On the eastern part of the excavation, a village, from the late Arpadian Period (12-13

th centuries) was found. Several pits came to light during the investigation, and various types of ovens were identified, namely baking, smoking- and pit ovens (Table VIII. 3-4). Five significant, semi-subterranean houses (33-55 m

2

) were uncovered, with inner post structure, but without fireplace (Table VIII. 6). In its close vicinity, four wells were excavated, one of which had wooden lining (Table VIII. 5). These objects, together with the revealed large ditch system, suggest that the excavated area belonged to the outskirts of the settlement, a farming zone, with animal pens. Aerial photography supports this idea, since east from the research area, the road and plots of the medieval village were identified from the photos (Table VII. 1). Ordacsehi-Csereföld (Site M7/ S-27, excavation of SMMI, 2000-2001) In two excavation periods, 21 700 m

2 territory was researched, yielding 600 objects (Table X. 1). The earliest remains were represented by the pits of the Balaton Lasinja culture. In the biritual cemetery of Kisapostag culture (Table X. 2-5), 11 urn burials, and scattered cremation graves were unearthed. Moreover, five differently contracted skeletons were found, lying on their left sides, equipped with jewellery and various pots. Two pits preserved the traces of the Tumulus culture. From the Celtic period (LT C-D), nearly 20 semisubterranean buildings (Table XI. 1-2), and three kilns with pierced oven floor were revealed (Table XI. 3^). The investigation also uncovered traces of a Roman settlement, in particular four, semi subterranean, squared, floored buildings with fire places, each supported by three-three post structure on the sides. Moreover, a well and few pits were also excavated. One west east directed, most probably German grave was found dating from the 4-5

th centuries. The skull of this female grave was slightly deformed, and the burial was equipped by two silver needles and a spindle whirl. Contemporaneous objects, namely pits from a settlement were also uncovered during the research. The largest settlement piece was revealed from the Arpadian period (12-13

th centuries). Besides pits, three houses with postholes, one well, several ovens and fireplaces were documented. In particular, more groups of ovens were excavated, which were connected to work-pits (Table IX. 2; XI. 5-6). Ordacsehi-Kistöltés (Site M7/ S-26), excavation of MTA RI, 2001) In 2001, 21 500 m

2 was excavated (Table XII. 1). The earliest period of inhabitance is signed by the presence of a burial, with two pots dating from the Balaton Lasinja culture (Table XII 5-6.). The features of Somogyvár Vinkovci culture were sporadically observed on the western slope, and at the foot of the hill. On the western slope, and on the top of the hill, settlement remains, namely pits of the Kisapostag culture and Transdanubian Encrusted Pottery culture were identified, and also a mould form from the latter period. In the late Bronze Age and early Iron Age, on the top of the hill, a ditch system was constructed, consisting of two large ditches, and smaller ditches running parallel with them (Table XII. 1-4). Contemporaneous pits, squared, semi subterranean houses, and one oven were uncovered inside and outside the ditches (Table XIII. 1-2, 4). In a ritual pit, dating from the Late Bronze Age, a burial was found, of which skeleton's lower legs were tied up (Table XIII. 3). Noteworthy among the finds were the upper layers of the ditches from the Celtic period (Table XII. 4). On the southern ditch, the traces of a pottery workshop, namely a kiln subdivided into two compartments, with a pierced oven floor (Table XIII. 5-6) was discovered. It was adjoined by a pit, full with shreds of various pots. Houses with postholes, smaller and larger storage pits were also found south from these objects (Table XIV 1). The Roman period is represented by two larger, rectangle-shaped semi-subterranean houses, and more storage pits. Besides few settlement features and their material (Table XIV. 6), four, partly disturbed burials were uncovered from the early Migration period, directed east west and west east.