M. Járó - L. Költő szerk.: Archaeometrical research in Hungary (Budapest, 1988)
Analysis - WITTMANN Zsuzsa, BÉLAFI-RÉTI Katalin, DÉCSY Zoltán, ERDŐHALMI-TÖRÖK Klára, KISS—BENDEFY Márta, VASSÁNYI István, VELLEDITS Lajos: Examination of painting materials used by Mihály Munkácsy for his painting "Studio"
The organic part of the samples could not be dissolved either with polar or nonpolar solvents. The greater part of the material was dissolved by chloroform. The mass spectrum of the sample-part dissolved in chloroform can be seen in Fig. 4. It contains the molecular ions of the above mentioned esters, acids, hydrocarbons and unidentified peaks too. The nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of the sample part dissolved in chloroform is shown in Fig. 5. (A 60 MHz nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer was used. The samples were dissolved in deuterated chloroform and the spectra were registrated in the 0—8 ppm range (0—500 Hz).) The peak between 1—2 ppm is given by the alkyl group, between 3-3.7 ppm by methylene beside the hydroxyl group, between 2.2— 2.8 ppm by methylene beside the carboxyl group and a weak peak between 4.0-4.4 ppm by the ester group. The peak of the unsaturated hydrocarbons between 5.5-5.8 ppm cannot be found in the spectrum. The compounds consisting of hydroxyl groups may have been fatty alcohols. It was not possible to register the alcohols by mass spectrometry. —. .—— • » • , — —I • ' I * ' **— T-^—'—•—'— j—«—• ;— M xi M y u xi u vi Fjg.5 Nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of the sample-part dissolved in chloroform (from sample 2) The sample part dissolved in chloroform was analysed by gas chromatography to prove the presence of alcohols in the sample. The experimental parameters were: 1.5 m X 2 mm o.d. glass column packed with 3% OV-1 phase on Supelcoport; injection temperature 300°C, detector temperature 320°C; the column temperature was programmed from 250°C by 8°C/min. to 330°C and argon carrier gas was used. The peaks are free fatty alcohols with increasing carbonatom number (Fig. 6), controlled by addition of different fatty alcohols to the sample. The natural waxes consist of a mixture of long-chain esters, acids, alcohols and hydrocarbons.
