M. Járó - L. Költő szerk.: Archaeometrical research in Hungary (Budapest, 1988)

Analysis - BALLA Márta, BÉRCZI János, KEÖMLEY Gábor, ROSNER Gyula, GABLER Dénes: Provenance studies of ceramics by neutron actiwtion analysis

Results of investigation on homogeneity for certain types of ceramics Element Terra sigillata Avar pottery Element (%) (%) Sc 1.8 5.1 Cr 14.4 12.7 Fe 4.2 6.6 Co 2.9 22.7 Rb 11.1 — Cs 4.4 La 4:0 7.0 Ce 16.0 10.9 Eu 8.4 — Yb 9.4 21.2 Lu 12.0 12.9 Hf 85 18.0 Th 45 73 Terra sigillatae By the neutron-activation analytical study of nearly 90 samples of terra sigillatae we tried to determine the characteristic, mformative elements in the products of all significant sigillata firms exporting into Pannónia. These data may later be suitable for grouping samples according to their trace-element distribution and may make possible the classification of samples to workshops analytically already defined. We have analysed the following samples (Appendix 1): Italian origin 18 samples (1-21) South-Gaulish origin 19 samples (22,24,26 and 58-73) Central -Gaulish origin io samples (37-46) Rheinzabern origin 19 samples (27-36,47 and 49-56) Westerndorf -Pfaffenhofen origin 11 samples (74-79 and 85-89) Other origin 2 samples (Apart from the above mentioned material 5 terra sigillatae chiara sherds of Italian origin were analysed). The analysed sherds were excavated in Novae, Szakály, Zalalövő, Aquincum, Ságvár, Iza—Leányvár, Tác. When analysing sigillatae of Italian workshops (sherds Nos. 1—21) our aim was to make reliable separation of Arretine and North—Italian types of sigillatae. The Gaulish origin samples (22, 24,26) were used for checking purposes. In one respect we wanted to know whether these can be separated from North—Italian products or not. On the other hand we analysed these samples because in this way sample No. 19 could be compared with a Gaulish product. This sample has South-GauUsh form but the material resembles the North-Italian ones. This raised a question earlier, too, whether this form could be manufactured in Italy or not. In the case of sample 1 coming from Novae, the Arretine origin was provable and it could be of great help in settling an important economichistorical question. On the basis of our studies we can state that Arretine sherds can always be fairly well distinguised from the North-Italian ones, and that Gaulish sherds from another group (Fig. 1). Sample No. 19 is North— Italian while the sample of Novae