Ábrahám Levente (szerk.): Válogatott tanulmányok IX. - Natura Somogyiensis 24. (Kaposvár, 2014)
Miókovics E. - Bódis J. - Molnár Zs.: Analysis of landscape change in the Nagyberek (Somogy, Hungary) with the DPSIR Framework
Miókovics E., Bódis J., Molnár, Zs.: Analysis of landscape change 7 Fig. 1: The borders of Nagyberek (surrounded by green line) Reed beds (Phragmitetum communis Soó 1927 em. Schmale 1939), tussock sedge communities and non-tussock beds of large sedges (Magnocaricion elatae Koch 1926) cover huge areas (40%), with patches of Cladietum marisci (Allorge 1922) Zobrist 1935) in the lower parts. Urtica kioviensis, Thelypteris palustris, Lathyrus palustris, Ranunculus lingua are typical species of the fens. Mesotrophic meadows dominated by Deschampsia caespitosa (Deschampsion caespitosae Horvátié 1931 em. Soó 1941) are significant as well. Wet grasslands cover 20% of the studied area, while dry grasslands 10%. The extent of Salix cinerea mires and alder swamp woodlands is negligible compared to the extent of plantations (Robinia pseudoacacia, Populus x euramericana, Pinus nigra, P. sylvestris) (Lájer 2010). Actually the ratio of forests is 15%, however the presence of forests was never typical in this area. The ratio of arable land is 10%, while the ratio of other land-cover types (e.g. towns, villages, roads, waste places, mines, industrial sites) is 5%. The most dangerous invasive species are Solidago spp. and Acer negundo. These species threaten 30% of the studied area. The landscape values of the area have been already inventorized with the support of a European project (Vital Landscapes Project) and a spatial landscape model about the changes of land use was made as well (Jombach et al. 2012, Duray et al. 2013). The study of Hosszú (2009) deals with this area in a complex way, it considers the area as natural unit of the landscape with special history. This study reconstructs the history of the landscape through the changes of land use. The Nagyberek is one of the largest marshy areas in Hungary. The marshes and fens remained untouched until the middle of the 19th century. We can find descriptions about the harmony of the natural environment and its inhabitants in the early 20th century in the study ofTakáts (1934). The “islands” (where grasslands were found) were mowed and grazed with buffalo and cattle. The area was rich in game and fish. The arable land and vineyards were on the higher parts of the area, on the edge of the Nagyberek (Takáts 1934). Rapid changes have happened from 1950 in the period of socialism. The drainage of the whole area disrupted the natural
