Ábrahám Levente (szerk.): Válogatott tanulmányok VIII. - Natura Somogyiensis 23. (Kaposvár, 2013)
Salamon-Albert É.: Climatic conditions and habitats in Belső-Somogy, Külső-Somogy and Zselic as vegetation-based landscape regions IV. Precipitation envelopes of mesic deciduous woodlands
Salamon-Albert, É.: Climatic conditions and habitats 79 niches. Gaussian curves as a result of integrated kernels were compared by a non-para- metric measure of variance (Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA), pairwise significant differences were counted by Fischer LSD post hoc test and signed if p<0.05. Kemel densities of climate envelopes can be associated into functional groups, especially. To create functional groups hierarchical cluster analysis combined with an explanatory optimization process based on a ranking method was carried out on the standardized data of kernel distributions in the program Syn-Tax 5.0 (Podani 1998). Analysing number and components of clusters, quantitative climatic trait of studied mesic woodlands can be revealed. Poorly grouped distributions are interpreted as a climatic gradient function, ones that are associated to each other form one or more climatic functional group (e.g. FI). Results Climate envelope is the current range of suitable environmental conditions described by significant variables referred to pattem and distribution of the habitat in a studied geographical area. Basic statistics of eight precipitation variables as minimum, maximum, mean values and the range of the habitats are given for the studied regions (Table 1). Referring to general and long term water input relations annual sum of precipitation [BIOCLIM 12] is the most relevant index. It varies between 566 and 753 mm exhibiting the widest range for semi-natural habitats [Á-NÉR] in the region. Climate envelope by the yearly sum of mesic woodland habitats (K) is a little bit narrowest with a little bit higher minumum and maximum values compared to semi-natural habitats. Among woodland habitat types different ranges of BIOCLIM-12 with the highest value in pedunculate oak-hornbeam woodlands (171 mm), with medium value in sessile oak hornbeam woodlands (154 mm) and the lowest range in beech woodlands (125 mm) can be demonstrated. Bioclimatic variables referring to a shorter period (e.g. a month or a quarter) or indicate environmental extremities could present some climate limitation for the distribution. According to precipitation of wettest month [BIOCLIM 13] whole range of semi-natural vegetation is completed by mesic woodland types, but the narrowest range of beech woodlands (K5) as well as by precipitation of the driest month [BIOCLIM 14], Precipitation seasonality [BIOCLIM 15] provides the worst differentiation among the habitat types because of its extremely narrow range in all cases. On the precipitation of the wettest quarter [BIOCLIM 16] as well as the next three variables as one of the driest [BIOCLIM 17], the warmest [BIOCLIM 18] and the coldest quarter [BIOCLIM 19] habitats are exhibited in a decreasing order by their precipitation envelope from pedunculate oak-hombeam woodlands (Kla) to beech woodlands (K5). According to minimum value of yearly precipitation envelope [BIOCLIM 12] pedunculate oak-hombeam woodlands can exist under the lowest (Kla, 579 mm), sessile oak hornbeam woodlands can grow under the medium (K2, 598 mm) and beech woodlands are positioned at the highest (K5, 612 mm) values as well as to minimum of all quarterly variables. Minimum of monthly variables [BIOCLIM 13 and 14] and precipitation seasonality [BIOCLIM 15] turns to have a weak dividing function among mesic woodland habitats. On the maximum values of BIOCLIM 12 climate envelopes pedunculate (Kla, 750 mm) and sessile oak hornbeam woodlands (K2, 752 mm) have quite similar threshold values, opposite to beech woodlands (K5, 737 mm) that are positioned under significantly lower maximum threshold. Regarding to monthly, quarterly and seasonality [BIOCLIM 13 to 19] precipitation maximums woodland habitas types can be poorly differentiated. By the mean of annual precipitation [BIOCLIM 12] sessile oak hornbeam
