Ábrahám Levente (szerk.): Válogatott tanulmányok VI. - Natura Somogyiensis 19. (Kaposvár, 2010)

SALAMON-ALBERT É., HORVÁTH F., & ORTMANN-AJKAI A.: Climatic conditions and habitats in Belső-Somogy, Külső-Somogy and Zselic as vegetation-based landscape regions II. Temperature and precipitation sensitivity of woodlands

SALAMON-ALBERT ET AL.: CLIMATIC CONDITIONS AND HABITATS 55 only one Gaussian peak, was decided to display two ranges separated by natural break option of ArcMap, reflecting to altitudinal zones of the surface. In the thematic maps darker colors show the higher, lighter colors show the lower values of bioclimatic indices. MÉTA habitats MÉTA project (2002-2006) was a systematic habitat mapping of the Hungarian vegetation on landscape scale integrated with spatial and geographical information (

BÖLÖNI et al 2007, MOLNÁR et al 2007, HORVÁTH et al. 2008). MÉTA quadrats (35 km

2 per each) are the organisational and constructing units, divided into hexagons (35 hectares per each) per each for higher resolution, as the basic units of MÉTA tables and databases (HORVÁTH and POLGÁR 2008). In our study, woody habitat types and selected bioclimatic variables were assigned to finer spatial scale for 16300 hexagons of 163 MÉTA quadrats. In total 57 MÉTA habitat types were identified in the vegetation based regions, including woody habitats with natural, semi-natural and managed status (

SALAMON-ALBERT et al. 2008, 2010). In our study we focused on significant woody habitat groups of the landscape, using the binary data of occurrence for the analyses. Main woody habitat groups in the regions are: riverine and swamp woodlands (signed by J, n=1943), mesic deciduous woodlands (signed by K, n=3848), closed dry deciduous woodlands (signed by L, n=906) and other tree dominated habitats (signed by R, n=4708). Riverine and swamp woodlands are abundant in Belső-Somogy, mostly streamside alder groves (signed by J5, 8.7%) and alder swamps (signed by J2, 2.4%). Mesic deciduous woodlands are the most widespread as the original zonal vegetation in the study area by hornbeam-pedunculate oak forests (signed by Kla, 8.0%) that dominate in BelsőSomogy, by hornbeam-sessile oak forest (signed by K2,

4.3% and 8.1%) occur in KülsőSomogy and Zselic, by beech forests (signed by K5, 5.4%) that are also important in Zselic. Closed dry deciduous woodlands (L) are sporadic and marginal in KülsőSomogy, most of them are disappeared nowadays, their actual coverage is about 3.0%. Other tree dominated habitats (including RA, RB and RC habitat types) that are mostly plantations, dominate in Belső-Somogy and Külső-Somogy (12.0%, 14.0%), far less widespread in Zselic (7.0%). English nomenclature of habitats is by MOLNÁR ZS. et al (2008). Results There was a strong superimposition between data of the climate surface and the envelope (Table 1), and also there was no significant difference between their peak distribution by any BIOCLIM variable. Natural and semi-natural habitats occupy territories by their climate envelope according to the climate surface of the region. Due to the previous facts, our results are introduced as the similarity or dissimilarity of woodland habitat distribution to the regional climate envelope. Climate envelope as the functional effectuation of climate niche concept, had variable ranges according to nature of the variable. Among temperature variables, BIOCLIM-4 the temperature seasonality had the widest range and deviation, BIOCLIM1 the mean temperature of the year has the narrowest one. Among precipitation variables, BIOCLIM12 the annual sum of precipitation has the widest range and deviation, BIOCLIM19 the precipitation in the coldest quarter has the narrowest ones. Ranges in precipitation vari-