Ábrahám Levente (szerk.): Válogatott tanulmányok IV. - Natura Somogyiensis 15. / Miscellanea 4. (Kaposvár, 2009)

Haris Attila: A Zselic levéldarazsai (Hymenoptera: Symphyta)

Natura Somogyiensis

15

127-158

Kaposvár, 2009

Sawflies of the Zselic Hills, SW Hungary (Hymenoptera: Symphyta)

Attila Haris

H-8142 Úrhida, Petőfi str. 103, Hungary, e-mail: attilaharis@yahoo.eom

Haris, A.: Sawflies of the Zselic Hills, SfV Hungary (Hymenoptera: Symphyta).

Abstract: The first paper on sawflies of Zselicség (Hungary, South-West Transdanubia) is presented. 192 sawfiy species are recorded. Paracharactus (Dicrostema) gracilicornis (Zaddach, 1859) is a new record for the Hungarian sawfiy fauna.

Keywords: Hymenoptera, Symphyta, Zselic Hills, Hungary

Introduction

Zselicség (or Zselic Hills) is a landscape area in Southern Transdanubia (Hungary) extending North to the valley of River Kapos, South to Szigetvár and Mecsek Hills, East to Dombóvár and West to Lad. It is situated mainly in Somogy and Baranya counties, with an area also in Tolna County, rich in cultural and natural values (Figs 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5). The Zselicség is a hilly area (Fig. 4), its highest point being 357 m (Hollófészek). The lower regions are situated between 100-103 meters above sea level and the average height of the hills varies between 200-250 m. These surface formations are derived from the Pannon sediment. About 10 million years ago, this area was covered by the early Pliocene Pannon See. Its sediments (clay, sand and marl) are about 1000m thick at Kaposvár and reach even 2500m at South Zselic. On the sediments of the Pannonian See (Pannonian Plate), the surface formations were created by erosion and watercourses. Later, during the glacial periods, loess covered the Pannonian plates. The hills of Zselic form a watershed in East-West direction through the region. The water of the northern brooks (the largest is the Surján brook) is collected by the River Kapos and the southern by the River Dráva (like Brook Almás). In total, 31 smaller and larger brooks cross the land. These brooks are frequently dammed, creating small artificial ponds (mainly fishing ponds) like Vörösalma (Fig. 3), Petörke, Ropoly, Bánya, Szentbalázs and Gálosfa Ponds that enhances the aesthetic appeal of the landscape. The most important watercourses are: Brook Bárdi (length: 15 km, catchment area: 66.5 km2), Brook Berki (15 km, 67 km2), Brook Zselic (10.6 km, 21 km2), Brook Surján (20.5 km, 113 km2) belonging to the catchment area of River Kapos, with Brook Almás (221 km2, 39.5 km) and Brook Gyöngyös (152 km2, ill. 28 km) belonging to that of River Dráva.

The total area is approximately 103 000 acres. 9 046 acres is landscape protected area, most of which is forest; partly oak forests (Quercus cerris and Quercus petrea) with lime trees (Tilia tomentosa) and partly beech forests (Fagus sylvatica) mixed with hornbeam