Ábrahám Levente: Válogatott tanulmányok II. - Natura Somogyiensis 9. (Kaposvár, 2006)

Juhász Magdolna - Dénes Andrea: Biomonitoring of alder swamp forests - Égeres mocsárerdő monitoring vizsgálata

JUHÁSZ, M. & DÉNES, A.: BIOMONITORING OF ALDER SWAMP FORESTS 43 Table 1: Change in percentage distribution of species by coenological character in alder swamp forest cönotaxon by covering by presence-absence cönotaxon 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Alnetea glutinosae 43.10 60.81 52.03 50.76 52.38 22.60 23.94 19.48 18.70 17.72 Alnion glutinosae 31.80 20.65 36.29 20.80 29.38 32.70 29.58 45.45 39.56 35.03 Salicion albae 7.40 8.82 1.07 0.60 4.39 17.60 17.37 9.96 8.70 12.66 Phragmitetalia 17.70 7.91 10.61 27.82 11.61 27.10 16.90 25.11 31.74 24.47 Lemnetea 0.00 1.81 0.00 0.01 2.23 0.00 12.21 0.00 0.43 9.70 Indifferent 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00J 0.00 0.00 0.87 0.42 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 following. In Figures 3-5. left-side columns represent data based on covering of species (cov), right-side columns represent data based on presence-absence of species (p-a). Figure 3. shows changes of coenological character of species (Table 1). Proportion of species characteristic of this community {Alnetea) based on coverage is significant, in studied years about 50%. Besides them moor {Alnion) and swamp {Phragmitetalia) species determines the community in changing proportions. Presence-absence date present a wider spectrum. Based on species numbers softwood species {Salicion) are important in every year (9-18%). In years with higher water level proportion of floating water plants {Lemnetea) rises (between 0-12% in the five years). Figure 4. shows changes of distribution of species of study area by relative water demand (Table 2). On 12-degree scale of relative water demand species occur between values 6-10. Community is determined mostly by plants of wet, not well aerated soils (WB:9). Besides them - in proportions changing according to water level changes plants of frequently flooded soils (WB:10) and floating water plants (WB:11) are important. Plants with smaller water demand (WB: 6,7,8) are subordered, their proportion by coverage 1%, by presence-absence 4%. Figure 5. shows distribution of species by social behaviour types in the study area (Table ). In this respect community is determined by specialists, competitors and generalists in changing proportions. Naturalness of the community is indicated by high proportion of specialist species, which are very sensitive to environmental changes. Their Table 2: Change in percentage distribution of species by relative water demand in alder swamp forest (6: plants of fresh soils; 7: plants of moist soils not drying out and well aerated; 8: plants of moist soils tolerating short floods; 9: plants of wet, not well aerated soils; 10: plants of frequently flooded soils; 11: water plants, with floating or partly emergent leaves) WB by covering by presence-absence WB 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 6 0.20 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.01 1.50 0.00 1.74 0.00 0.42 7 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.43 0.00 8 0.10 0.67 1.74 0.18 0.35 1.50 2.82 4.35 2.61 3.80 9 58.60 88.24 62.02 72.19 74.37 56.30 67.60 70.00 67.39 62.87 10 16.20 7.31 18.32 25.71 14.68 13.60 12.21 13.48 23.05 17.72 11 24.90 3.78 17.90 1.91 10.59 27.10 17.37 10.43 6.52 15.19 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00