Majorossy Judit: Egy történelmi gyilkosság margójára. Merániai Gertrúd emlékezete, 1213 - 2013. Tanulmánykötet - A Ferenczy Múzeum kiadványai, A. sorozat: Monográfiák 2. (Szentendre, 2014)
IV. - Mielke, Christopher: Gertrúd királyné és kortársai anyagi kultúrája
Christopher Mielke: The Material Culture of Queen Gertrude and Her Contemporaries WW t Figure 3 The reconstruction drawing of thefunerary monument of Gertrudefrom the Cistercian Abbey of Pilis (Takács 1994) antiquarian drawings of the graves of medieval queens, but only for those buried outside the realm in modern-day Austria, Germany, Italy, and Switzerland. Even though it was not commissioned by her, it depicts the queen in a very positive light and in a very prominent position. The fact that the tomb echoes decorative work at Chartres and Reims cathedrals shows the international artistic connections of the Hungarian court. Influence of the queen’s presence over space and time can also be seen in the many churches associated with royal women in Central Europe that modelled their architectural program after the one of Saint Elizabeth in Marburg.28 Crowns and Regalia Crowns had been a part of Byzantine regalia for empresses since the fifth century, and as the kingdoms developed in the west, queens of the Franks and English were crowned as early as the eighth and ninth century, though coronations for queens with a designated crown was not a regular occurrence until 1115 and 1066 respectively. Throughout Europe, the crowns of queens were open circlets until the fifteenth century; initially the open circlets (sometimes adorned with crosses) began to give way to crowns decorated with lilies and floral motifs by the end of the thirteenth century.29 Until the fourteenth century, most of the crowns of queens that survive tend to be recovered from graves of particular queens; this is the case for Holy Roman Empress Beatrice of Burgundy (d. 1184) as well as Gertrude’s mother in law, Agnes of Antioch (d. 1184).30 What is interesting about the period Gertrude lived in is that by this time crowns had become a standard element of the queen’s public appearance. In Denmark, part of the treaty for king Valdemar II’s release from Henry of Schwerin in 1225 was giving to the count all of the gold objects and ornaments that had formerly belonged to his late second wife, Berengaria of Portugal (d. 1221), except for her crown and the benefices she had given to the monasteries and churches for the salvation of her soul.31 This seems to be the first known mention of a Danish queen 28 Crossley 1997:270-271,277-287. 29 Twining 1967:57-59. 30 Twining 1967: 304; Czobor 1900: 217—218. 31 Bruun 1892: 69. 209
