Fülöp Éva – Cseh Julianna szerk.: „Die aktuellen Fragen des Mittelpaläolithikums in Mitteleuropa”. „Topical issues of the research of Middle Palaeolithic period in Central Europe”. Tata, 20-23 October 2003. (Tudományos Füzetek 12. Tata, 2004)

Lubomíra Kaminská: The Middle Palaeolithic settlements at the Skalka moundat Horka-Ondrej near Poprad (Slovakia)

Flakes on radiolarite and from others silicates had an average size 24 x 21 x 6 mm. This was a consequence of an effort to fully utilise the raw material, as it was of a higher quality, and was less accessible. Flakes on weathered surfaces of chert were also utilised. Retouch of these materials was done also in the area of the settlement, this was documented by utilised cores, flakes resulting from retouch, among them also flakes produced by flat retouch. Radiolarite resources were present in a distance of several tens of kilometres, in the area of the Tatras, in the Polish Pieniny mountains, and also in the karst belt of Eastern Slovakia, the more remote were in karst belt of Western Slovakia.

30 In the case of the others artefacts (14 pes), it was not possible to determine more precisely the raw material as they were burnt. They were probably radiolarite or flintstone, foreign raw materials in the territory of Slovakia, the nearest sources were in the area of Poland.

31 Jasper (2 pc) and quartzite (8 pc) were also present among the raw materials, and these can be regarded as local. Blade-shaped flakes and blades were represented in the industry as well. The most regular was a blade with retouched edges made on radiolarite, classified as type 62 (Fig. 13, 9.). Most of them were flakes with parallel edges, thicker, often with wide platforms, struck using a Middle Palaeolithic technique. Besides the blade classified as type 62, all others were preserved only in fragments. Artefacts classified as individual tools types, had average dimensions 37 x 28 x 13 mm. The most common were artefacts with length 30 to 50 mm, but numerous were also deviations in both directions. Microlithic artefacts from Hôrka-Ondrej were an anomaly, considering the large size of the used raw material. More radiolarite artefacts, but also some quartz pieces, reach dimensions typical for other Mousterian cultures. Scalar retouch, sometimes completed by a small pearl retouch on the margin, was mostly utilised in the retouch of the working edges of the tools. To a relatively smaller extent also denticulate and notched retouch were used. A pointed shape was also a characteristic feature of the industry. A very important feature of the industry from Hôrka-Ondrej was the use of a flat retouch on several types of artefacts (15 pc): a) on the ventral side of side-scrapers: straight (Fig. 11, 9.), convex (Fig. 12, 5.), angular (Fig. 14, 7.), on two side-scrapers with a thinned edge (Fig. 11, 5.), on a side-knife (Fig. 11, 8.), on a flake with a lower retouch, and in a flake with a bifacial retouch; b) on the dorsal side of a pointed convex side-scraper (Fig. 12, 4.), sharp-edged side-scraper with a thinned edge, and on a side-knife; c) on both sides of a side-knife (Fig, 13,1., 3.) and on three leaf points (Fig, 11, 4., 6-7.). 30 KAMINSKÁ 1991, 20. 31 GlNTER-KoZi-OWSKI 1975, 18-23. 205