Tálas László szerk.: The late neolithic of the Tisza region (1987)
Vésztő-Mágor (K. Hegedűs and J. Makkay)
VESZTO-MAGOR sequence observed by K. Hegedűs elsewhere. However, sporadic finds of the Alföld Linear Pottery and of the Körös culture came to light from trenches l-X; an Alföld Linear Pottery fragment and a painted Esztár sherd was recovered from a Szakáihát level at a depth of 615 cm in trench IV, suggesting the presence of Alföld Linear Pottery and Körös settlement features in the lowermost, yet unexcavated level of the tell. The layer sequence of the northern part of the tell was as follows: Trenches Deepest Building points and sterile in cm levels Cultural context D IV-VIII 100 9 IV-VIII 150 8 IV-VIII 200 7 IV-V 315 Graves and settlement features of the Arpadian age Gyulavarsánd culture (Middle Bronze Age) Buried soil (sterile layer deposited during the Late Copper Age and the Early Bronze Age) Early and Middle Copper Age layer with four occupation levels Buried soil (sterile layer deposited between the Late Neolithic Tisza levels and the Early Copper Age Tiszapolgár levels) VIII 300 5 IV-V 490-445 4 Tisza culture IV-V 570-500 3 IV-V 640 2 IV-V 670 1 Szakáihát group Lowest buried soil, with possible Körös and IV-V 727-697 A Alföld Linear Pottery settlement features, not excavated yet The sequence of the Neolithic levels appears to be valid for the entire tell. Cult assemblage of the Tisza culture, lying at the meeting point of trenches IV-V. [6] The occupation patterns of various levels can best be reconstructed on the basis of observations made during the excavation of trenches IV to VIII, exposing an area of 120 m 2 . One complete house and small sections of two others were uncovered at a depth of 670 cm in level 1. The three houses were oriented southeast to northwest; they lay side by side and were separated by small streets 80 and 120 cm wide. Their floor was of hard packed yellow clay; the walls were supported by loosely spaced posts interconnected with interwoven twigs and smaller branches that were then daubed with clay, more heavily on the outside than on the inside. The inner surface of the walls was carefully smoothed. The house measured 6 m by 2.2 m, and contained several times renewed rimmed hearths plastered onto the floor (HEGEDŰS 1977, 16-17, contra HEGEDŰS 1982,185). A two-roomed building was uncovered in level 2 at a depth of 640 cm, as well as the parallelly aligned wall of another one. The orientation of these houses corresponded to those of level 1: southeast to northwest. The wall thickness of the tworoomed house was 30 cm and its bedding trench contained closely spaced small post holes. The length of this house was over 11m, and the remains of a partitioning wall could be observed at a distance of 620 cm from its eastern end, with a doorway at the western end. The floor of this house was replastered once, and thus level 2 could be divided into two building phases, 2a and b. In the lower section of level 3, the lowermost Tisza level, a large-size two-roomed structure oriented southeast to northwest was uncovered in trenches IV-VIII (level 3a) at a depth of 540-570 cm (measured in the southeastern corner) that had 89
