Bartha Júlia: Lâle. Hagyományok a mai török társadalomban, az emberélet fordulóinak népszokásai – Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok Megyei Múzeumok Közleményei 61. (2005)

even at the beginning of the 20th century in order to protect the wealth of the large family. Today it is very occasional but still exists. In two villages (Yenipancarsak and Bala-Ergen) the children who were born on the same day are married this way. Elopement Since the women did not have a legal status they went from one family to another either by elopement or purchase. It is especially true for clan societies, like the Turkish. Regardless of legal bans, this ancient form of marrying survived in Turkey. Sometimes the elopement is done in a very sensitive way, because the authorities are against it and also because the event was usually followed by a bloody revenge from the bride's family. The bride is usually "stolen" because her price (kalim) is considered to be too high. This tradition still occurs among the Circassians. Levirate Certainly, it is also banned legally, but it still exists in SouthEastern Anatolia - especially among the Kurds. The widow woman gets married to one of her husband's brothers. It was a custom in the Tartar village of Polath-Sihali as well. Cross-marrying (Berder olayi) This strange custom is usual especially in Southern and SouthEastern Anatolia, that is, the two families try to strengthen the already existing relationship by a double bond. Here, the son of a family marries the daughter of another family, and from the latter a boy gets married with a girl from the former. This double bond certainly serves economic reasons first of all. In this case the families do not pay money for the bride. Marriage among relatives Even the Mádeni Kánunu forbids the marriage of relatives, it still occurs but only in order to keep the family estate together. It is usual among the nomad ethnic groups, like the Yoruks. According to them it is expected from the couples, since the wealth cannot be mixed with that of other families. In some villages, foster brothers and sisters (who were fed by the same mother but are not relatives) are considered as sisters or brothers, therefore they cannot get married. 161