Csányi Marietta et al. (szerk.): Tisicum - A Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok Megyei Múzeumok Évkönyve 25. (Szolnok, 2016)
Településrégészet - Mali Péter: Changing settlement patterns int he Bronze Age Tiszazug
TISICUM XXV. - TELEPULESREGESZET Middle Bronze Age In the Middle Bronze Age there is only one culture in the region, the classical and later Hatvan culture. There are only a few sites that can be dated to this period and they are forming a few site concentrations. The early Hatvan site concentrations of Tiszaug and Szelevény remain occupied in this time as well, and the Nagyrév-Zsidóhalom cluster changes culture to become Hatvan as well. Two small concentrations appear, one at the northern edge of the sand plateau of Cserkeszőlő, the other on the edge of the loess plateau at the northern part of Szelevény. A few lonely sites are found at Kunszentmárton and Öcsöd. The former Nagyrév settlement concentration at Kékes-Lapos ceases to exist. Late Bronze Age The two phases of the Late Bronze Age should be regarded separately. The first phase, the Tumulus Period is very scarce, only 12 sites. The later Pregáva and Gáva phase is denser with 63 sites altogether. The Tumulus phase sites are concentrating in a few clusters. These ‘clusters’ usually contain only two known sites, but cover a larger area, meaning that the sites were large open settlements.10 One such is at Kunszentmárton-Kékes-lapos region, on the western bank of the said dead channel, the other, still in Kunszentmárton, close to the border with Szelevény at the tip of the high bank of Istvánháza-puszta. Other two are in Szelevény, two large site opposite to each other on the eastern side of the modern settlement, and two on the high bank of Csipsapart overlooking the flood region of the Tisza-Körös fork. The last concentration is in Cserkeszőlő on the eastern high bank of the Téglás-lapos dead channel. The last two sites are lone settlements, a large site on the high bank of Kunszentmárton’s Nagy-ér dead channel, the other one is a small site on the highest tip of the sand plateau in the eastern edge of Tiszaug (Bundaszárító-part). Except for the Kékes-lapos sites the others have Middle Bronze Age antecedents in the close vicinity, the former lonely sites of the preceding period, while the site concentrations are uninhabited by population of the Tumulus culture. Most of the sites are on loess or sand, but there are three sites (Kunszentmárton-Kékes-lapos, Szelevény-Ökörjárás) that are on fluvial aleurite. The later Pregáva and Gáva period is more widespread, the sites appearing on all soil types that are present in the region. Three out of the five old sites concentrations are still active and became bigger, the Vezseny Martfű : Tiszajenö Tiszaföldvár Mezőtúr Tiszainoka Legend Hatvan Culture Altitude Figure 4: Middle Bronze Age sites - elevation modell 10 Based on the only excavated settlement, Kunszentmárton-Gyalu-puszta II. the sites are indeed large in size but the settlement features are scarce, there are large gaps between the feature concentrations. 290
