Szilasi Ágota, H. (szerk.): Annales Musei Agriensis. Agria LII. (Eger, 2019)
Farkas Csilla - Soós Eszter - Tankó Károly: Régészeti kutatások Szilvásvárad-Lovaspálya többkorszakos lelőhelyen
towards the Bükk Hills. In total 2840 archaeological features were observed at the 8867 m2 site. The area was probably first inhabited at the end of the Middle Neolithic Period, known as the Bükk Culture (late 6th millennium BC). Most of these features were large clay pits with a rich array of artefacts. The level of the Neolithic settlement was covered with a 10-30 cm thick alluvial layer, rich in humus and pebbles. Apart from coarse wares, we found many decorated fragments, clay weights, flints and obsidian tools, polished stone tools and grinding stones. The following settlement period can be dated at the Late Bronze Age, the period of the Kyjatice Culture. Settlement features are mainly represented by pits and post-holes. Apart from potteries, clay animal figurines, spindle whorls, net weights, grinding stone fragments and a polished wild boar tusk were also found. Most of the phenomena belonged to a Late Iron Age Celtic site. We have unearthed sunken buildings, pits, storage pits and the post-holes ofsurface buildings. The pottery kiln ofthe settlement was also found in the western part of the site. The settlement waste included finished metal objects, as well as traces of metal industry A kiln, originally fitted with bellows, was unearthed in one of the sunken buildings, while traces of two other fireplaces could also be identified within the workshop. A large amount of production waste (slag, daub fragments) was found in several pits near the workshop. Based on the ceramics finds, the settlement can be dated at the La Tene B2-C1 period. The Roman settlement features were arranged in rows and aligned with the stream bank. Semi-subterranean buildings of irregular forms with two or more posts, storage pits, and post structures as remains of surface structures were found. In the northern area a well came to the light with rich archaeological material in its filling, the impact of the Przeworsk culture is evidenced by two rectangular fireplaces. The ceramic material of the Roman Period settlement state of few Sarmatian-type wheel-turned, fine vessels and mainly fine, hand-formed polished and hand-formed coarse bowls and pots in forms were typical to the west-slovakian Quad culture. Based on some artefacts, such as a fragment of a terra sigillata bowl produced in the Rheinzabern workshop, a crossbow brooch, a brooch with inverted foot as well as an arched-backed antler comb, the site was inhabited from the last decades of the 2nd century AD, from the period C1. The Late Roman settlement were also extended in the southern part of the excavated surface. Around them several settlement features were found, which could be dated at the 4th-5th centuries AD. Remains of semi-sunken and aboveground buildings, storage pits and postholes can date to this period. Metal detectors were used continuously during the excavations, yielding a relatively large number of metal artefacts from this settlement horizon: Late Roman coins, buckle with the pin bent on the loop, iron tools. Relatively high number of the Chernjachov-type, composite antler combs also came to light. The settlement features from the 5th century AD could have been related to SW-oriented woman grave was excavated in the northern part of the site. A large glass bead, bronze tweezers, belt buckle, cicada brooch, antler comb and a vessel from a Late Roman workshop were found next to the deceased. A semi-sunken building and some pottery fragment referred to the youngest period: the Árpádian Age of the site. The geographical location of the site emphasises its importance, as no well-documented sites excavated in larger surfaces are known from the region. The evaluation of the archaeological material from various periods will be a valuable contribution to the existing research. 141
