Veres Gábor szerk.: Agria 46. (Az Egri Múzeum Évkönyve - Annales Musei Agriensis, 2010)

Báryné Gál Edit: Az Orczy-család négy birtokközpontjának Újszásznak, Gyöngyösnek, Tarnaőrsnek és Erdőkövesdnek a fejlődése a XVIII-XIX. században I. - Újszász

Edit B. Gál The development of Újszász, Gyöngyös, Tarnaörs and Erdőkövesd, the four estate centres of the Orczy family in the 18

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h-19

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h centuries (part I) Újszász Újszász became the property of the Orczy family as a palatine donation in 1722. At the time of the liberation campaigns against the Turks the settlement became deserted and was again populated as a squirely manor around 1740. By the mid 18

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h century the Orczys paid about HUF 7000 for different landowners, and with that they bought off and became the sole owner of the settlement. The censuses shown in the study give a detailed picture about the economic and social development of Újszász. The survey by Joseph II shows the village house by house and its borders, naming the owners of the buildings and the parts of borders, as well as the agricultural utilisation of certain areas. It was mainly stock-raising in Újszász throughout the 18

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h and 19

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h centuries. Sheep and cattle were raised in significant numbers in the huge pastures; even István Széchenyi writes about the famous Újszász stud-farm in his mémoires. When baroness Józsefné Orczy, born count Borbála Berényi died in 1819, her four sons, József, László, Lőrinc and György divided the patrimony among themselves. It was György, who inherited Újszász - with other settlements - who chose it as the family centre and had his neo-classical castle built at the site of the one-time manor, on the banks of Zagyva. Right until the 1890s the family lived here, and then baron Andor Orczy had a two-storey palace built for himself in the former Szarvashalom border area, while the old castle was sold to count Emil Dessewffy. Beside the Orczys and Dessewffys, the Károlyis also became co-landowners of the village that was in sole ownership until the second half of the 19

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h century. The railway line, opened in 1873 brought new perspectives in the field of economic and social development. 204