Veres Gábor szerk.: Agria 46. (Az Egri Múzeum Évkönyve - Annales Musei Agriensis, 2010)
Borbély Zoltán: Az Egri Püspökség szőlő- és borgazdálkodása a XVIII. század második felében
Zoltán Borbély The viticulture and wine-making of Eger Bishopric in the second half of the 18 t h century The Eger Bishopric was the second biggest diocese until the beginning of the 19 th century. This church institution functioning with an enormous organisation had a significant impact on the wine-making in the northern part of the country since its establishment. After recapturing Eger and the Turkish withdrawal the Eger bishops began to re-establish the diocese and the properties of the bishopric. The Eger bishoplandowners mainly endeavoured to have their ownership acknowledged and to reestablish their episcopal incomes in the first decades of the 1 8 l h century. Later, starting from the second third of the century Ferenc Barkóczy worked on establishing the manor system and the increase of its income, while his successor, Károly Eszterházy configured the modernised feudal estate. This transformation is also due to the changed economic circumstances that can be connected to the Austrian war of succession, and the Seven Years War in the middle of the century. A dual impact of this can be observed: On the one hand an agricultural boom was induced, which encouraged forming squirely productional allodiums and extended export. On the other hand in Austria mainly due to the loss of Silesia it led to protectionist economics, which restrained prosperity. In the first half of the century wine was the second biggest produce of the country's export. It fell back after introducing the customs regulations in 1754 and partly due to Galicia getting wedged in between the Polish market and the Hegyalja wine-makers in 1772. In this present study the author tries to answer the question to what extent the significance of wine-making has been preserved in the episcopal income, and how the income collected on feudal rights and the income collected on self-maintained allodiums is proportioned. We strive to define the extent and the sources of the episcopal wine income, as well as the marketing prospects and utilisation methods of the collected stock. With the presentation of viticulture and wine-making, and the process of marketing we intend to give a picture of the standard of winemaking. 177
