Dankó Imre szerk.: Bolgár tanulmányok III. (A Hajdú-Bihar Megyei Múzeumok Közleményei 37. Debrecen, 1980)
Dankó Imre: The 1300 year old Bulgaria – Preface and summary
Imre Dankó THE 1300-YEAR-OLD BULGARIA. — PREFACE AND SUMMARY The Déri Museum and the small Bulgarian circle came about round the museum commemorate the 1300th anniversary of the foundation of Bulgaria with publishing the third volume of Bulgarian Studies, among others. A legend of Khan Kubrat has been proved step by step by the extension of researches. So one of his five sons, Asparuk otherwise Isperik founded the Principality of Danubian Bulgaria in 681. In the third volume of Bulgarian Studies there is a study on this written by István Fodor considering new angles of the question. He is a well-skilled archeologist of the Hungarian National Museum and he is in connection with our Bulgarian circle. In Debrecen region he carried out several excavations in order to throw light on a great number of historical and ethnografical questions referring to the time of the Hungarian settlement. His results were published in our year-books, and this work of his is also illustrated by data deriving from this region. Before reading his work we have to say some words about the legend. Kubrat otherwise Kuvrat had 5 sons. He and his people seceded from the Avar and founded a state in the northern part of the Black Sea, river Volga and the Sea of Azov. After his death his sons formed 5 separate groups. The group of Batbajan remained there and later they came under the rule of the Khazar. Kotrag's group went to the north and settled down in the region of river Kama. Their state exsisted till the Mongol invasion under the name of „Bulgária on the banks of the river Volga". The third group led by Asparuk crossed the rivers Don, Dniester, Dnieper and wandered to the west then settled down in the mouth of Danube, on the territory of Ongal. They waged wars with the population of Byzantium and Dobrudzsa. As Byzantium was at war with others too, it could not get the victory over them. Soon they wandered further and crossed the river Danube in 678. They could overcome the so —called seven —Slovenian-tribes in Moesia. In league with them Asparuk found the Danubian Bulgaria in 681 which existed up to 1019. This was the foregoer of the today's Bulgaria. Since that time Bulgaria and its people have changed a lot, lived through several crises. A hundred years ago it became independent again. Now, this country socialism is being built. I do not want to deal with this in detail, because it is the whole Bulgarian history itself. The fourth group led by Kuber got to Pannónia and fell under the Avar protectorate. The fifth group went to Italy and there they lived under the authority of Byzantium.
