A Debreceni Déri Múzeum Évkönyve 2006 (Debrecen, 2007)

Régészet - D. Szabó László–Csippán Péter: Újkori mészárszék nyomai Debrecen belvárosából

ÚJKORI MÉSZÁRSZÉK NYOMAI DEBRECEN BELVÁROSÁBÓL 57 ZIMÁNYI VERA 1985 Gazdasági és társadalmi fejlődés Mohácstól a 16. század végéig. In: PACH1985,285-391 RÖVIDÍTÉSEK Com.Arch.Hung. Communicationes Archeologicae Hungáriáé DMÉ A Debreceni Déri Múzeum Évkönyve EMÉ Az Egri Múzeum Évkönyve HBML Hajdú-Bihar Megyei Levéltár D. Szabó, László-Csippán, Péter REMAINS OF A SLAUGHTERHOUSE IN THE DOWNTOWN AREA OF DEBRECEN In the January of 2004 there was a preventive excavation project carried out on the lot located at Cegléd u. 1., Debrecen, before the construction of a residential building was supposed to commence. In an area of approximately 1501712, among as many as 14 objects dating from either the Middle Ages or the Modern Age, we also found the garbage pits of a slaughterhouse that used to operate on the site. During the process of research in the archives, it was clarified that the slaughterhouse had started to operate in the 1780s, whereas it was closed down following the issuing of the regulation of 1854 that prohibited the slaughtering of animals. There was a considerable amount of cattle bones, mainly bones of the limbs and remnants of skulls, recovered from several pits located fairly close to one another, which supports an assumption that the animals were processed in a methodical fashion. A closer examination of the bones revealed that it was cattle of average size (of 120-130 cm withers height), including mostly cows, that used to be butchered here. Apart from the bones from the slaughterhouse, the rest of the pits contained a significant amount of other findings. In Object no. 8, there were remains of vessels dating from the 16th century, chiefly those of pots and a few bottles. In Object no. 9, the majority of the items were shards of large size glazed pottery from the 19th century. Judging by their ornamentation, they must have been the products of potters in Debrecen, while the jug burnt white and decorated with brown and red floral patterns was probably produced in the region either around Gömör or Bihar. There are several types of the famous tobacco-pipes from Debrecen among the findings. Apart from the red pipes typical of the 19th century, we also found white ones as well as glazed ones, and a shard of a Dutchtype smoking pipe. Among the metal findings, we retained a typical part of the apparel worn in and around Debrecen; some fragments of Modern Age bootheel plates. There were also two special items unearthed during the excavation: a flint blade dating back to the Middle Neolithic and a cone-shaped clay toy figurine.