A Debreceni Déri Múzeum Évkönyve 1985 (Debrecen, 1986)

Természettudomány - Szathmáry László: A Factor Analysis on the Cranial Finds of the Early Neolithic Körös-Cris-Starčevo Civilization

Table 2. The examined female cranial finds of the Körös—

Cris

—

Starcevo civilization No. Locality Sign Reference Körös—

Cris culture 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Bedeháza (Sf. Gheorghe) 9. Birlad 10. Deszk-Oil well No. 1 11. Gura Baciului 4. Hódmezővásárhely—

Kotac12. Szajol-Felsőföld -Vata Necrasov

—Cristescu, 1965 Necrasov

—Cristescu, 1965 Lipták, 1975 Necrasov

—Cristescu, 1965 Farkas, 1975 (ИЗ) 3—V3 25—2 „house" Szathmdry, at press The age of the Proto-Starcevo and Starcevo culture 10. 14. Divostin 11. 15. Lánycsók 12. 13. Lepenski Vir 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 1 14 29 32a 35 48 54d 54e 68 83a unpublished Zoffmann, 1978 unpublished the skulls of the different cultural groups of the complex. Significant difference could be only pointed out in one instance but here the number of the cases was very limited (females, M66). We could not even notice general tendencies because the mean values, of even those measurements that could be measured the most frequently, were higher now at one culture now at the other. But it was noticable that the orbital height and the nasal height with both sexes were larger in the Körös-Cris culture. Similarly, systematizing that relies upon the cranial measurements did not promise a certain possibility of separation (Figure 2). In the case of the males the finds of the two main population components appeared virtually alternately. However, with the females a Starcevo grouping could be found in cluster 1/3, which might be due to the more expressed sessility of the sex. Consequently, we could only recognize very few reliable connexions by grouping the untransformed measured (basic) data. Thereafter a principle component analysis was performed on the whole of the sample. Four factors in both sexes alike could be extracted out of the 12 factors on the basis of the eigenvalues and the cumulativities according to Kaiser's criteria (Table 5). The extracted factors represented the 73.9 per cents of the total variance with the males and the 77.8 per cents with the females. In the case of the males it could be determined on the basis of the unrotated factor loadings (Table 6) that 5 face measurements (variables) joined with the first factor with great coherence (M51, 52, 54, 55, 66). 3 measurements could be connected with the second factor (M8,

9, 17), 1 to the third (Ml) and also 1 to the fourth factor (M48). There remained only two measurements (M20, 45) the position of which was unstable. The communalities also expressed this uncertainty. (The communalities imply the variables' squared multiple correlation with the factors.) 19