Arrabona - Múzeumi közlemények 39/1-2. (Győr, 2001)

Tanulmányok - M. Egry Ildikó: Beszámoló a Győr–Marcalváros-bevásárlóközpont területén végzett megelőző régészeti feltárásokról

5 ARRABONA39.2001. TANULMÁNYOK VLADÁR 1969 Jozef Vladár: Frühäneolitische Siedlung und Graberfeld in Branc. Symposium über den Lengyel-Komplex und die benachbarten Kulturen. Nitra. Male Vozokany 16.-20. April 1967 Stud. Zvesti 17, 1969.497-512. M. Egry Ildikó: Report on the Preliminary Exploration Carried out on the Area of Győr-Marcalváros-Shopping Centre In 1999 a preliminary archaeological exploration was carried out on the area of the implemented Tesco Shopping centre as part of the planned Győr-Ménfőcsanak Regional and Leisure Centre. (Map 1.) 2/3 of the 8 hectares sand-hill situated on the south side of the main road 83 to Pápa had been extracted to build the Ml motorway junction, only 2 hectares remained, but not completely unharmed. As it revealed later on west side of this area was used as road and a lay-mine in the past times, therefore it became unsuitable for archaeological research. At the same time with the excavation on the area with the topographical lot number 010, we had a chance to open a trial trench and a probe segment on the north side of the animal market place on Pápai street (top. lot numbr Oil). In the Pándzsa dűlő near the animal marketplace Mithay S. explored significant archaeological findings from the late period of the Transdanubian Linear Patterned Culture in the 50s . (Mithay 1966). On the total width of the animal market place the findspots of the shopping centre and the Pándzsa dűlő were connected with a 2 meter wide and 250 meter long trial trench. (Map 2) In the section of this ditch natural, then artificial alluvium of the valley in the new age could be studied on the area of the animal market place. In the probe segment we explored holes belonging to the neolithic settlement, in which tankard fragments and note-headed linear patterned fine pottery were found ( 2.1.

1-2,1.1.

1-2, 2. t. 3-4). Furthermore we opened the 8m long section of the large ditch surrounding the presumably linear-patterned settlement from the south (Map 2.32. obj., 8.1.

1. picture). Some holes belong to the late Bronze Age and to the Arpadian Age according to their findings. With the help of our trial trench we managed to observe the expansion of the late sand-miming and opportunities for the research of the remained neolithic settlement. On the area of the Győr-Marcalváros-Shopping Centre we explored 134 objects in an average 100 m wide and 200 m long surface parallel to the railway and the main road. Base ditches of 3 buildings from the Middle Copper Age were opened. Object 100 8x18 m (Map 3 A) could have been a two-parted house, object 125 (Map 3 B) rectangular shaped undivided house, while object 75 (Map 3 C) a two-parted, wattled and daubed house with gabled roof. The big sized houses were orientated in the northwest-southeast direction, on the eastside of object 75 and 100 there were groups of holes belonging to the houses. Only the bottom part was left from the reservoir holes, their filling was brown humus mixed with ash in certain places. The finding represents the types of pottery of the Ludanice and the Balaton culture being explored more and more frequently on this area. (6. t. 1-2,3.1.

1-2,5. t. 2-4). A rectangular shaped, small pit-house was excavated from the period of LT D (Obj. 131), and a hut dug into the ground from the Arpadian Age (obj. 51) with various pottery findings (7.1.

1-3,5-6) The outdoor kiln and some sporadic holes can be classified to the Arpadian Age. On the excavated area surrounding ditch of several medieval parcels of land were shown, furthermore a 230 cm wide and 140 cm deep and 300 m long ditch, which cut through the house from the Copper Age 125., the kiln from the Arpadian Age 70. was dug into the ditch, based on the superposition, but lacking findings it can be placed between the tow ages, (obj.l 8. t. 3-4 picture). The direction and structure of the ditch refers to the fact, that it might have been an accompanying ditch of a Roman road.. On the west part, that was intensively inhabited in the later centuries as well, small houses dug into the ground, remains of a well with some fragments of pottery from the Early New Age and some iron 64