Szőllősy Csilla - Pokrovenszki Krisztián (szerk.): Alba Regia. Annales Musei Stephani Regis - Szent István Király Múzeum közleményei. C. sorozat 44. (Székesfehérvár, 2016)
Tanulmányok/közlemények - Történettudomány - Szabados György: Könyves Béla király? Egy székesfehérvári királysír azonosításáról
Szabados György: Könyves Béla király? Egy székesfehérvári királysír azonosításáról György Szabados King Béla the Learned? On an identification of a royal grave in Székesfehérvár King Béla the Learned had never existed. By this imaginary person who was composed from King Kálmán the Learned (1095-1116) and King Béla III (1172-1196) of Hungary I would like to point at a problematical identification. During the excavation of 1848 five burial places were found amongst the ruins of the Royal Basilica in Székesfehérvár. Two of the skeletons had been defined as a royal pair. Soon after János Pauer and János Erdy identified them with King Béla III and his first wife Queen Anna. Their identification became accepted generally by the scholars until Endre Tóth published a counter-advice. According to his archaeological aspects the two skeletons were the mortal remains of King Kálmán the Learned and his first wife Queen Eleutheria/Felicia. This paper supported the elder identification. On the one hand the argumentation of Tóth was limited to some uncertain archaeological dating. On the other hand the various disciplines prove all that this royal pair was King Béla III and Queen Anna. 1.) The man’s skeleton was remarkably tall and Richard of London emphasized the tallness of the Hungarian king whom he met in 1189. 2.) The Nordic features of the king’s body were resulted from the kinship with the dynasty of the Kievan Rus which had Viking origin, but it was true only for Béla’s ancestors. 3.) The head-shrine’s portrait of King László I the Saint (1077-1095) is similar to the face-reconstruction of the skull: as László I was canonized in 1192, thus Béla III could be the model for the shrine. 4.) The woman’s skeleton has signs of many pregnancies: Anna bore 7, but Eleutheria/Felicia had only 3 children. 5.) Kálmán had serious inflammation of ear, but the royal skull shows no symptom of this illness. 6.) Kálmán ordered by his own law that Christians must be entombed in cemetery, but the skeletons were excavated from inside the ruined building of the Royal Basilica in Székesfehérvár. 204
