Alba Regia. Annales Musei Stephani Regis. – Alba Regia. A Szent István Király Múzeum Évkönyve. 30. 2000 – Szent István Király Múzeum közleményei: C sorozat (2001)

Tanulmányok – Abhandlungen - Éry Kinga: A short anthropological description on a Late Roman Period population at Herculia (Tác-Margittelep). p. 21–35. t. XVIII–XXII.

d) Healed fractures on the skull were observed on 4 men and 2 women. - On the postcranial skeleton of men, healed fractures were detected on clavicles (in 5 cases), on ribs (in 7 cases), on tibiae (in two cases), on fibulae (in three cases) and on one metatarsus. This shows that fractures in men were limited to the bones of the trunk and lower limb. - In women, healed fractures of the postcranial skeleton occurred on one vertebra, one sacrum, on the pubic and ischiadic bones of the pelvis (in three cases), on ribs (in 4 cases), on one humerus, on 4 radius, 4 ulna and on one metacarpus. Therefore it may be concluded that fractures of women were limited to the bones of the trunk and upper limbs. Multiple fractures were observed in the case of 4 men and 4 women. - In all cases, fractures occurred more often on the left side than on the right side of the skeleton. Arthrotic deformations Spondylosis and spondylarthrosis were diagnosed on the vertebral columns of 41 men and 20 women. Joint deformations in the upper limb occurred in 3 men, while the same condition was observed in the lower limb of 10 men and 5 women. Arthropathies effecting the entire skeleton were diagnosed in two men and one woman. Marginal disc hernia The probable evidence for this condition occured only in 3 men. Ankylosis Fusion between cervical or thoracal vertebrae occured in 2 men, 2 women and 2 children, between left talus and calcaneus in one woman. Deficient blood development and metabolism The following cases may be classified within this group. The cranial surface of a newborn was found to be porotic. Abnormal thickenings of the diploe was found in three women. Cribra orbitalia was detected in 5 men, 2 women and 4 children. Premature ossification of the cranial suturae occurred in a juvenile male and in a juvenile female. Osteomye litis-p e riostitis Evidence of osteomyelitic and periostitic processes occured on ulna, tibia, fibula, ribs, on tuber ischiadicum, on metatarsus (which could be a consequence of bone tuberculosis) and on lamina tympanica, in 6 men, 3 women and 3 children. Hyperostosis A single case in a man may hypothetically be classified within this category. Possibly kidney stone An about 3.5 x 2 mm large formation, possibly a kidney stone was found among the bones of a man. Dental pathology The frequency of caries and intravital tooth loss was studied only in the case of individuals between 40 to 60 years who were deemed to provide a representative sample. Caries among men (1203/6) occurred in a frequency of 0.5%. The corresponding values calculated for the Late Roman populations of Pécs (Ery 1973) and Tokod (Ery 1981) displayed caries in 2.5 % and 4.2 % of the male cases. Caries among women (844/13) occured on a frequency of 2.5 %.The same phenomenon in the Pécs and Tokod female populations were 5.4 and 8.9 % respectively. Intravital tooth loss (1831/98) occurred in a frequency of 10.8 % of men in comparison with the 11.4 % and 15.0 % values recorded at Pécs and Tokod. In the case of women (1418/142) the obtained 10.0 % frequency is close to the 10.9 % and 12.0 % values observed in the Pécs and Tokod populations. Developmental anomalies Phenomena attributable to developmental anomalies could be primarily observed on the dentition and postcranial skeleton. The presence of supernumeral teeth was recorded in 2 men and one woman. The lack of teeth, eruption disorders and the lack of tooth-buds were observed in 2 women and 2 elder children. The retention of deciduous teeth was observed in one man, 3 women and 5 elderly children. Developmental anomalies on the post-cranial skeleton are summarized in Table 34. The phenomena presented in that list are especially interesting in terms of their distribution by sex which suggests that males at Tác burdened more frequently by bony posterior bridges on the first cervical vertebra and spina bifida as well as sacralisatio. Similarly to the trend observed in other series, the occurrence of canalis intraclavicularis on the clavicle is also more common with men (Ery 1990a). On the other hand, the variability in the number of vertebrae is more frequent with women, and (with the exception of the relevant trend in the sacrum) discontinuities in the vertebral arch also occur more commonly with females. In the material discussed here the occurrence of os acromiale on the scapula was recorded frequently with females too, although this phenomenon cannot be considered a sexrelated trait in other populations (Ery 1190b). Numeric variability within particular segments of the vertebral column, especially in the lumbar and sacral sections, is 23