Alba Regia. Annales Musei Stephani Regis. – Alba Regia. Az István Király Múzeum Évkönyve. 16. 1975 – Szent István Király Múzeum közleményei: C sorozat (1978)
Tanulmányok – Abhandlungen - Makkay János: Excavations at Bicske. I, 1960. The Early Neolithic – The Earliest Linear Band Ceramic. p. 9–60.
in 1972 lies some ten meters from house 1. 1971. Pit G contains pure Notenkopf material. House 1 on the other hand contains no Notenkopf material at all although the level between 130 and 140 cms covering the feature contained Notenkopf sherds. Rich Notenkopf material was taken from pit 1. in trench II. 1976. The pit lies 55 meters from pit 1. in trench III. 1976 and 50 meters from house 1. 1971. Detailed investigation of the material from this pit awaits future research. Nevertheless it is certain that this pit lacks vessel forms and decorative motifs characteristic of the material in the other two features (i. e. house 1. 1971 and pit 1. trench III. 1976), at the same time contains material from early Notenkopf times. The chronological position of the pit is supported by the identification of certain pottery types with known chronological positions, for example linear pottery motifs which contain mostly a single line, as well as types characteristic of the earliest phase of the Early Linear Band Pottery of Transdanubia with impressed fine lines. By this token the material from pit „a" in trenches I —II. 1974 occupies an intermediate chronological position somewhere between the earliest features on the site (house 1. 1971 and pit 1. trench III. 1976) and features from the early Notenkopf times. Typologically this pit contained material rich in early types and poorer in later (early Notenkopf) types. It is unfortunate that the highway construction destroyed a major portion of this pit especially since it would have been possible in all probability to see the entire chronological and typological transition that occured on this site in the stratigraphy of this pit. The missing portion probably contained the formative types of the Notenkopf pottery. Although these formative types may be present in other features on the site, they are impossible to recognize lacking any vertical stratigraphy. There is a large chronological gap between the features of the earliest Linear pottery (pit 1. trench III. 1976 and house 1. 1971) and the Notenkopf pit (pit 1. trench II. 1976) as seen in the differences between vessel forms, the ceramic techniques, the finish and the decorative motifs. This gap implies the existence of a transitional phase although whether such phase is present at Bicske itself is open to question. The solution of this problem lies mostly in further excavations, especially at Bicske where the presence of nearly all other Linear Band Pottery phases makes it probable that such a transitional phase existed here as well. At present, finds of pit „a" in trenches I-II 1974 can be considered as representing this transitional (earliest Notenkopf) phase. Informations on later phases on the site (Sopot — Bicske culture) may be found on the chronological table. Small chronological differences were not distinguishable between the two Early Linear Band ceramic pits (house 1. 1971 and pit 1. trench III. 1976) although modern techniques such as neutron activation might serve to show such subtle differences. It is not impossible that the same workshop produced some of the vessels and sherds found in the two features, although no such pieces were apparent. The most likely solution is that a small chronological difference of perhaps 10-20 years existed between the construction of pit 1. in trench III. 1976 and than later house 1. 1971. 2. Local connections This question was dealt with briefly in a short article published earlier( 23 ), on some artifacts from pithouse 1. 1971. In fact the addition of new material from pit 1. trench III. 1976 produces no new discoveries. The closest parallels to the material from the two pits come from sites in western Slovakia and stray finds from central and southeastern Transdanubia( 24 ). The material from Bina, W. Slovakia is perhaps the best example. The shared characteristics are as follows : a) carinated bowls with the semicircular line motifs, b) truncated conical flat-based bowls, c) bowls with rounded bases, d) flaring pedestals, e) channelling and impressed ornamentation on the fine ware, f) strong similarity in technique and ornamentation forms of the linear motifs, g) the channelled barbotine technique of the coarse ware, h) the almost identical tempering technique and finish, and i) the total lack of the Notenkopf ornamentation system. Such a large number of parallels makes it certain that Bina and the two Bicske pits had both chronological and cultural relations with one another. J. P a v ú к has published a report indicating some 20 (23) J. MAKKAY, Die Ergebnisse der Ausgrabungen von Bicske. Sborník Prací Filosofické Fakulty Brnênské University E20—21, 1975—1976, 115—122. (24) Sites from Western Slovakia listed by J. PAVTJK, Starsia volútová keramika. In: Slovensko v mladSej dobe kamennej, ed. by A. T о ő i к Britslava, 1970, pp. 27—31, Pis. V, 1—6 and VI, 1—9; ID., Zur Chronologie und zu kulturellen Beziehungen der älteren Linearkeramik. Actes du VIII e Congrès International des Sciences Préhistoriques et Protohistoriques, Beograd 9—15, Septembre 1971. Tome deuxième: Rapports et Corapports. Beograd, 1973, pp. 273—281, Figo. 1—11; ID., Über die Kontakte zwischen Balkan und Mitteleuropa in Neolithikum. Alojz Benac sexagenario dieatum. Godisnjak, Knjiga XIII Centar za Balkanologka Ispitivanja, Knjiga 11, Sarajevo 1976, pp. 33—34, PL II with caption of PI. I. —, Sites from Transdanubia listed by N. KALICZ — J. MAKKAY, Handbook of Hungarian Archaeology, vol. II. in press, chapter Transdanubian Early and Middle Neolithic, with the following sites: Veszprém, Co. Veszprém, Révfülöp, Co. Veszprém, Vonyarcvashegy, Co. Veszprém, Sármellék, Co. Veszprém, Szentlőrinc, Co. Baranya. Similar Bicske-type sherds were found at Keszthely-Fenékpuszta, Co. VeSzp28
