Alba Regia. Annales Musei Stephani Regis. – Alba Regia. Az István Király Múzeum Évkönyve. 11. 1970 – Szent István Király Múzeum közleményei: C sorozat (1971)

Irodalom – Beschprechungen - Fitz Jenő: The Governors of Pannonia Inferior I. XI, 1970. p. 145–150.

1967, p. 75). His reading has been corrected by A. M ó с s y (AArchHung 21, 1969, p. 347, п. 74). As regards the reconstruction of the earlier career of L. Attius Macro, some doubts have been expressed in connection with my summary, based on earlier statements (o.e., pp. 254 — 255). R. S y me did not accept the identification of the commander of the legio V

11 gemina with the legátus of an identical name, acting in Pannónia, having commanded first the legio 1 adiutrix and having become governor of Pannónia Inferior later (o.e., pp. 351 — 352). The interrogation mark is doubtless justified, since to entrust two legions to the command of a senator one after the other was an exceptional case, necessitated by the reasons of war. But which importance should be attached to the events of war which may have made it necessary to entrust a legio involved in military action to a legátus, having proved his ability in the command of another legio, instead of a praetorius with a minor military experience ? As 1 did not fail to show in my cited paper, the Pannonian activity of L. Attius Macro fell to a disturbed period. Consequently, thought we have to reckon with the possibility that the Hispánián and the Pannonian legions have been commanded by two different persons (father and son?), and though an appointment for service with another legion is relatively rare, we continue to suppose a single L. Attius Macro (so G. ALFÖLD Y, Fasti Hispanienses. Wiesbaden 1969, pp. 119-120). The correction of the name of (Claudius) Maximus, instead of the earlier used T. Statilius Maximus, has been generally accepted by prosopographical literature. So R. Syme (História 14, 1965, pp. 352-354) and H.-G. Pflaum (Les prêtres du culte impérial sous le règne d'Antonin le Pieux. Académie des Inscriptions et BellesLettres, Comptes Rendus 1967, p. 199). A Dobó has rejected my inference without further justification (Es liegt kein Grund vor, die Identifizierung mit dem Konsul des Jahres 144 abzulehnen, o.e., p. 53). The name of the governor has been completed also to T. Statilius Maximus by A. R. В i r 1 e y (The duration of provincial commands under Antoninus Pius. Corolla memoriae Erich Swoboda dedicata, Graz — Köln 1966, p. 50) and T. Nagy (Ein neues Buch über die Verwaltung Pannoniens. AArchHung 21, 1969, p. 401) with similar arguments: [ ] Maximus had preceded M. Pontius Laelianus Larcius Sabinus in his office in Pannónia Inferior, while Claudius Maximus had followed the same in Pannónia Superior. These views justified in emphasizing the difficulties hindering the identification of [ ] Maximus with Claudius Maximus, they disregarded, however, the much more serious contradiction revealed at the identification of [ ] Maximus with Statilius Maximus. This man was consul Ordinarius in 144, as it is emphasized by R. S y m e in his quoted paper (o.e., p. 353), the son of T. Statilius Severus Maximus Hadrianus (suffeclus in 115), a member of a consular family, probably running a career due to his descent and rank. According to the survey of J. Morris (Leges annales under the principale. LI' 87, 1964, pp. 325 — 331) the ordinarii of consular descent have become consuls at about their 33rd year, as a rule. On the contrary, the slow, protracted advancement of [ ] Maximus is more typical of a homo novus. As it is known from his Székesfehérvár inscription, he served in the Parthian War of Trajan (114 — 117) in the legio IV Scythica as tribunus militum and he was awarded a distinction. This date makes it probable that he was born in the second half of the 90-s. If he took over the command of the legio I adiutrix at about 133, he has become praetor in 131, eventually in 132, in the middle of this thirties. In 144, when he, if identical with T. Statilius Maximus, may have been consul, he could have been 44 to 48 years old. Consequently T. Statilius Maximus and [ ] Maximus, judged by the known data of their careers, were men of a quite different origin and advancement. The identical cognomen and the curatura filled after the consulate are no sufficient reasons for their identification. Nor are the objections made against the identification of [ ] Maximus and Claudius Maximus convincing. We may infer that [ ] Maximus has ceded his place in Pannónia Inferior at about 142 to M. Pontius .Laelianus Larcius Sabinus. So he may have been consul in 143 or 144, nay possibly later, judged by his slow previous advancement. Claudius Maximus was preceded in his African proconsulate immediately or somewhat earlier by L. Hedius Rufus Lollianus Avitus (ordinarius in 144) (B. E. THOMASSON, Die Statthalter der römischen Provinzen Nordafrikas von Augustus bis Diocletianus. Lund 1960, pp. 73 — 75), whereas his successor, Q. Voconius Saxa Eid us, was suffectus in the autumn of 146 (ID., pp. 78 — 79). The date of the consulate of Claudius Maximus is defined by the mentioned time limits (the beginning of 144 — the autumn of 146). But they may be tightened further: we know all consuls of the year 146 and the two last nundina of 145 cannot be reckoned with. If he were no suffectus in the middle of 145, only the year 144 may be taken into consideration, or rather its second half. In Pannónia Superior his immediate precursor, M. Pontius Laelianus Larcius Sabinus held the consulate in July and August of 144; Claudius Maximus followed him in this quality in all probability. The hypothetical consulates of [ ] Maximus and Claudius Maximus fell therefore to the same time. Also Claudius Maximus' further career is of the same type as that of the slowly progressing [ ] Maximus. He gained the governorship of Pannónia Superior 4 to 5 years after his consulate, he became proconsul of Africa cca 15 to 16 years following his consulatus. The argument of the quoted authors against the identification of [ ] Maximus and Claudius Maximus is the opposite relation of the two persons to M. Pontius Laelianus Larcius Sabinus. This, however, only seems to be contradictory. Between the praetura and the consulatus only the minimum of time was generally fixed ; a homo novus often held several praetorian offices before he reached the consulatus. In most cases the rule of Pannónia Inferior was the last station on the road leading to the consulate. As regards the majority of the known governors, we have no data in proof of their consular designations during their governorships. Thus the end of a commission of legateship in Pannónia Inferior does not prove the date of the consulatus with absolute certainty. Since the precedence between two former consuls was defined by the date of the consulatus, instead of the date of the praetorian office held by both of them, we cannot object to the identification of [. . . .». .] Maximus and Claudius Maximus on the basis of the circumstance that [ ] Maximus ruled Pannónia Inferior before M. Pontius Laelianus Larcius Sabinus, while Claudius Maximus followed the same man in Pannónia Superior. This fact proves only that Claudius Maximus had to wait longer for the consulatus. The Lower Pannonian term of office of M. Iallius Bassus Fabius Valerianus was dated by me to the years 153/154 to 156, or 156 to 160 (o.e., pp. 268 - 270), on the basis of his inscription assessed to 156 (AE 1904, p. 95; 1952, p. 9). In the first case he preceded, in the second he followed C. Iulius Gemin(i)us Capellianus. R. S y m e was right in showing that Bassus had been a person in grace, his advancements, admitting datation, followed each other quickly in the 60-s. Shortly before his consulate falling to 159 or 160 he may have been governor of Pannónia Inferior, i.e. between 156 and 158/159 (História 14, 1965, p. 354). This date was preferred also by Á. D о b ó (o.e., pp. 60 - 61) and T. N a g y (o.e., p. 401). As a matter of fact, we have to regard the latter dating as the more probable of the two. As it has been pointed out also by R. S y m e, this supposes the insertion of an unknown governor before Bassus (o.e., p. 345). Describing the further career of the governor, A. Dobó relied on earlier literature in dating his activity in Moesia Inferior to 163 — 164; that province, however, was ruled by his successor, M. Servilius Fabianus Maximus, already (Hommages à Marcel Renard. Collection Latomus 102, 1969, p. 269). Bassus, having become an experienced military leader on the Pannonian front (restating my earlier view 10* 147