Alba Regia. Annales Musei Stephani Regis. – Alba Regia. Az István Király Múzeum Évkönyve. 8.-9. 1967-1968 – Szent István Király Múzeum közleményei: C sorozat (1968)

Tanulmányok – Abhandlungen - Éry Kinga, K.: Reconstruction on the tenth Century Population of Sárbogárd on the Basis of Archaeoloogical and Anthropological Data. – A sárbogárdi X. századi közösség rekonstrukciója régészeti és embertani adatok alapján. VIII–IX, 1967–68. p. 93–147. t. XXVI–XLV.

с. 970—990. Around this time several 10th century cemeteries were closed and several 11th century ones begun. A. Kiss pointed out that the cause of this phenomenon should be sought in some known central decree.

95 Namely, during this period large-scale resettlement projects were carried out in the country in order to break the independence of tribes or rather to strengthen the central authority. This is proved by the tribal locality names occurring in areas distant from the ancient camping areas of the tribes. It is easy to imagine that the community of Sárbogárd was also compelled for such reasons to begin a new settlement or rather to begin anew cemetery in a different area.

96 DESCRIPTION OF GRAVES Grave 1: Female, 42-48 years old. Orient.: 302°. Depth: 87 cm. Width: 65 cm. Length: 200 cm. Undisturbed. Lying on back in extended position. Lower right arm extended, the left is placed perpendicularly on the spinal column. No grave furniture. Grave 2: Female, 60-70 years old. O.: 264°. D.: 79 cm. W. : 70 cm. L. : 205 cm. Above the pelvis the skeleton is very disturbed (recent human). Lying on back in extended position. Lower right arm is placed on pelvis, lower left arm was probably extended. No grave furniture. Grave 3: Female, 30-40 years old. O.: 303°. D.: 120cm. W.: 57 cm. L. : 135 cm. Chest and pelvis disturbed (animal). Lying on back in extended position. Both lower arms are placed on the pelvis. No grave furniture. Grave 4: Female, 55-64 years old. O.: 270°. D.: 80 cm. W. : 65 cm. L.: —. The left upper arm and its vicinity are disturbed (recent human). Lying on back in extended position. Lower arms extended. No grave furniture. Grave 5: Male, 47-51 years old. O.: 270°. D.: 77 cm. W. : —. L. : —. Undisturbed. Lying on back in extended position. Lower arms extended. Grave goods: 1. iron bit with side-pieces found approximately 10 cm to the left of the skull. — 2. Two bow-bracing bone plates found above the bit. — 3. Angular iron buckle at the eminentia iliopectinea section of the right pelvic bone. — 4. Round iron buckle found at outside of the lower third of the left upper arm. — 5. 3 (?) bow-bracing bone plates placed across the lower third of the left femur. — 6. Pear-shaped iron stirrup located approximately 15 cm to the left of the left pelvic bone. — 7. Second pear-shaped iron stirrup located approximately 30 cm left of the left knee in a subsidiary position (?) 15 cm higher. — 8. At the outside of the right leg, extending from the lower third of the femur to the middle of the tibia were an approximately 40-45 cm long quiver with two iron mountings and 7 arrow heads, their points and the opening of the quiver are toward the feet. Grave 6: Male, 51-55 years old. O.: 304°. D.: 77 cm. W. : —. L. : 175 cm. Undisturbed. Lying on back in extend position. Lower right arm perpendicularly placed on spinal colume, left arm slightly slanting on the upper edge of the left pelvic arch. No grave furniture. Grave 7: Male, 35-39 years old. O.: 270°. D.: 79 cm. W. : 60 cm. L. : 195 cm. Undisturbed. Lying on back in extended position. Both lower arms lying on spinal column in an almost perpendicular position. The left side of the skeleton was lying 3 cm. deeper. No grave furniture. Grave 8: Female, 65-75 years old. O.: 304°. D. : 67 cm. W. : 62 cm. L.: 190 cm. The skull and the chest are slightly disturbed (recent human). Lying on back in extended position. Lower arms extended. No grave furniture. Grave 9: Female, 62-70 years old. O.: 242°. D.: 68 cm. 95 Oral communication. 96 Finally let me express my gratitude to all those colleagues who helped me during my work. First let me thank J. Nemeskéri who for years, as a colleague, taught me the practical and applied methods of biological reconstruction in research. I am especially thankfull to him for the help given in this work. My thanks go to A. T h о m a for imparting his knowledge of biological and biometrical methods and for the considerable advice he gave during this work. I would also like to thank G y. Acsádi, L. Harsány i, I. Lengyel and T. Tóth for their theoretical and methodological assistance in the fields of demography, pathology, serology and Soviet literature respectively. Let me thank G y. Dezső for letting me use unpublished data on Tengelic. P. Agócsy, A. Gáborján and J. Stieber were so kind as to give me their expert opinions. Last but not least let me express my thanks to A. Kralovánszky for giving me permission to publish the data of the Sárbogárd cemetery and for all the help he provided during the course of my work. W. : —. L. : —. The chest is disturbed (animal). Lying on back in extended position. Right lower arm placed on pelvis, left arm extended. Grave finds: 1. On each side of the skull was a silver ring ending in an s. — 2. Open, undecorated bronze wire ring on one finger of the left hand. Grave 10: Female, 62-75 years old. O.: 247°. D.: 43 cm. W. : —. L. : —. Undisturbed. Lying on back in extended position. Lower right arm extended, the left is decayed. No grave furniture. Grave 11: Female, 25-34 years old. O. : 269°. D. : 67 cm. W. : —. L. : —. Undisturbed.- Lying on back in extended position. Lower arms extended. No grave furniture. Grave 12: Female, 47-53 years old. O.: 305°. D.: 72 cm. W. : 80 cm. L. : 200 cm. Undisturbed. Lying on back in extended position. Both lower arms placed on pelvis. Grave goods: 1. To the right of the skull was a small iron knife with its tip pointing to the west and parallel with the axis of the skeleton. Grave 13: Child, 4-5 years old. O.: 314°. D.: 60 cm. W. : —. L. : —. The chest and pelvis are disturbed (animal).No grave furniture. Grave 14: Male, 52-56 years old. O.: 315°. D.: 87 cm. W. : —. L.: —. Undisturbed. Lying on back in extended position. Both lower arms placed perpendicularly on spinal column. No grave furniture. Grave 15: Child, 6 years old. O.: 247°. D.: 72 cm. W. : —. L. : —. The lower extremities and the right side of the skeleton are disturbed (animal). No grave furniture. Grave 16: Female, 48-52 years old. O. : 329°. D. : 95 cm. W. : —. L. : —. The chest is disturbed (animal). Lying on back in extended position. Both lower arms are bent back to the clavicles. No grave furniture. Grave 17: Male, 19-22 years old. O.: 270°. D.: 55 cm. W. : —. L. : —. Undisturbed. Lying on back in extended position. Right lower arm extended, the left lower arm is placed perpendicularly on the spinal colume. No grave furniture. Grave 18: Female, 15-16 years old. O.: 227°. D.: 60 cm. W. : —. L. : —. Undisturbed. Lying on back in extended position. Lower right arm is placed on the pelvis, the left is extended. No grave furniture. Grave 19: Female, 17-21 years old. O. : 298°. D. : 80 cm. W. : —. L. : —. The right side of the chest is disturbed(animal). Lying on back in extended position. Lower arms extended. Grave furniture: 1. Bronze plate bracelet twisted ends on lower right arm. — 2. On the lower right arm bones at the upper side, directly alongside of the bracelets was a browngirdled snail. — 3. Fragment of an iron buckle (?) on the sacrum. Grave 20: Male, 41-45 years old. O.: 327°. D.: 80 cm. W. : —. L. : —. Undisturbed. Lying on back in extended position. Right lower arm placed across pelvis, left lower arm placed on spinal colume and across the right lower arm. No grave furniture. Grave 21: Child, 8-9 years old. O.: 316°. D.: 70 cm. W. : —. L. : —. Undisturbed. Lying on back in extended positions. The arms at the elbows are slightly away from the body. The lower arms are extended. Grave goods: l.'A hen's egg at the upper edge of the left pelvic arch near the left hand. Grave 22: Male, 41-47 years old. O.: 282°. D.: 120 cm. W. : 55 cm. L. : 200 cm. Signs of disturbance (animal) around the bones of the left foot. Lying on back in extended position. Lower right arm placed perpendicularly on spinal colume, the left is placed on the pelvis. No grave furniture. Grave 23: Child, 3 years old. O.: 260°. D.: 60 cm W. : —. L. : —. During the course ,of the earthwork the skele. 127