Alba Regia. Annales Musei Stephani Regis. – Alba Regia. Az István Király Múzeum Évkönyve. 4.-5. 1963-1964 – Szent István Király Múzeum közleményei: C sorozat (1965)

Tanulmányok – Abhandlungen - Bóna István: The Peoples of Southern Origin of the Early Bronze Age in Hungary I–II. IV–V, 1963–64. p. 17–63. t. I–XVII.

Somogyvár (PL X nos 2, 8), Fenék (PL XIV no. 3), Alsódörgicse (PL XIV no. 13), Simongát (Fig 1 no. 6), Lengyel (in an annihilated material), Esztergom (PL XII no. 9). A stouter variety with a small handle: Esztergom (PL XII. no. 8). a/3. Almost indentical with the former variety but the two halves of the body join each other in a small projecting border, e. g. Nezsider (PL XIII nos 5—6), Gönyü (PL XIII no. 4), Győr (PL XIII no. 3), Rajka (PL XII no. 11), Ljubljana (PL XVII nos 9, 11). The high Korп

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е jug with a cylindrical body is an individual variety (PL XII no. 4). We might regard the type as a northern-north-eastern variety but for the occurence of a jug of a similar structure, though without handles, at Nagyárpád (PL XVI no. 4). a/4. The two jugs of Pécs—Makárhegy represent a self-standing variety on account of the small wart lugs placed on the middle of the side of the vases (PL XVI nos 1—2). b) Jugs of globular bodies and cylindrical necks. In group В Priboj yielded one specimen (PL XVII no. 16), in group A it occurs in a more or less similar shape on almost every site (PL X no. 8, PL XII nos 2, 10, PL XIV nos 7, 10—12, Pl XV no. 9, PL XVI nos 10, 17). 2. Two-handled jugs (amphorae). They joint type 1/b as to shape. Their handles start from below the rim, ending in the upper part of the belly. They are frequent in group В in the first place: N egrisori (2 pieces) (Fig n no 3), Zarub, Priboj (PL XVII no. 17), the jug found at Somogyvár is exactly corresponding to the later, both in shape and size (PL X no. 3). 3. Two-handled store-jars with cylindrical necks. Only in group A so far. Vessels of globuar bodies, with parallel small handles at the junction of bodies and necks. The specimens of Somogyvár (PL XL no. 7), Lovasberény and Ljubljana (PL XVK nos 1, 10) are rather slender the Illmitz, Somlyóvásárhely and Fenék (PL XIV. no. 1) pieces are stouter, the last has a somewhat ringlike rim. 32 The drawing is a wrong combination of a rim and a pedestal fragment. 33 V. HOFFILER: CVA Youg. 1. Fasc. 1. Zagreb (1933) P.\ 48 no. 14. 34 A. BENAC: GZMS (1959) 13—, PI. 9 no. 4; PL 12. no. 1. 35 One of our scholars regards our beakers as suspension lucernáé, the mouths of which were covered by wagon wheel models, destined to „hold the wick" in his judgment. However, the students of Central Europe and the Near East generally agree that the problematic objects 4. Large-size water-jars of oval bodies and cylindrical necks. Only in group A so far. A small cylindrical neck, often with a swollen ring-like rim, sits on the oval body. The Sághegy specimen lacks the handle (PL XII. no. 7), the others have one bail each on the bellies. A part have smooth bodies: Gönyü (PL XIII no. 2), Nezsider (PL XIII no. 7), Pókaszepetk(?) (PL XIV no 8.) The lower half of the Ajka specimen is scabrous below the lattice dividing the belly (PL XIII no. 1). Fragments with scabrous bodies: Somogyvár (PL XII no. 6) Lengyel (PL XV no. 2). 5. Cylindrical high beakers. Group A. 8 to 18 cm high vessels, somewhat tapering upwards (factory chimney shape), having 1 or 2 small handles below the rims. Decorated fragments: Somogyvár (PL XI no. 5), Zók (PL XVI nos 5—6), Kéthely (PL XIV no. 6). Undecorated specimens: Alsódörgicse (PL XIV no. 14), Lengyel (PL XV nos 6, 19), Kéthely (PL XIV no. 9), Nagyárpád (PL XVI no. 3), Szedres (PL XV no. 20), Somlyóvásárhely

32 (Fig 1 no. 9), Szentmihályfa (PL XVI nos 12—13), Szekszárd, Ger jen (Fig 1 nos. 3-5), Zók (PL XVI no. 11), Győrszemere (PL XII no. 3), Regöly, Pécs-Keleti hegy. If this type is found in a Vucedol environment scattered, its attribution to our group is uncertain. Though in one specimen only, an unornamented fragment occurs at Vucedol,

33 with a typical incrusted Vucedol ornament, further in a Vucedol complex in Western Bosnia, at Zecovi, nay in an unornamented form at the same site.

3- Since it was inherited by the Vucedol culture together with other elements of the group, its fundamental Somogy vár character cannot be doubted.

35 6. Bowls. Only Illmitz and Nezsider have specimens belonging to authentic complexes so far. They are of an identical type (6/a): a body with a deep roundish belly is joined by a strongly splayed high neck (PL XVII no. 14). 6/b: A Lengyel bowl with an unbroken arched neck is relative to this high form (PL XV no. 12). 6/c. Another Lengyel bowl has a biconical shape, a straight rim and a small handle (PL XV no. 3), the Pécsvárad bowl is identical (PL XVI no. 16). It approaches the Vucedol forms. are the wheels of wagon models actually (cp. I.BGNA: Acta Arch. Hung. 12 (1960) 83-111), only a few research workers of Central Europe stick to the antiquated destination of „whorls" further on. Irrespective of the different purpose of the wheels, the one-handled nay handleless beakers contradict the very idea of suspension. Further this theory is unable to explain why are these „lucernáé" used in a definite area and in a short span of time. 48