Hatházi Gábor - Kovács Gyöngyi: A váli gótikus templom. Adatok Vál 14 -17. századi történetéhez - Szent István Király Múzeum közleményei. B. sorozat 45. (Székesfehérvár, 1996)
Felhasznált irodalom
quoted from the excavation of the Turkish palisade fortress of Bares, whilst the other, unglazed vessel has no known analogies in Hungary. Comparable jars to these 17th century vessels can be readily found in the archaeological and ethnographic material from the Balkans. This vessel type is fairly universal, being known also from other areas and other periods. Also noteworthy are, for example, the basal sherd from a grayish strainer (Fig. 31. 6), sherds from lids (Figs 28. 13; 32. 6) and a larger fragment from an unglazed vessel ornamented with a rouletted design (Fig. 27. 2), the latter being unique among the postmedieval assemblages in Hungary. Its fabric, finish and form assign it to the late 17th century Hungarian products. STOVE TILES. Cup-shaped, green glazed Turkish stove-tiles (Fig. 27. 3-6) were introduced to the Turkish occupied territories in the 16th-17th centuries, and their spread can in all probability be linked to the immigration of Balkanic groups. Similarly to glazed ewers, the distribution of this tile type is uneven. Unglazed bowl-shaped stove tiles are local, Hungarian products. Stove tiles and their fragments include rectangular pieces, triangular ones, as well as a few trough shaped fragments (Figs 28. 1; 31. 7; 32. 7; 33. 7; 35. 6; 36. 1-3); their majority can be associated with a post-Turkish tiled stove. The remains of this stove were found in surface 1986/V. The stove tiles are comparable to similar finds from the late 17th century. GLASSWARE. Outstanding among the glassware is a deep blue coloured handled glass jug with slightly flattened body (Fig. 29. 1) that can be assigned to the turn of the 17th-18th centuries. BONE FINDS. The small bone fragments probably come from a gunpowder horn (Fig. 29. 6). The representative assemblage of the post-medieval period is the material recovered from pit 4, with its varied finds, including Turkish copper wares and a rich ceramic assemblage. These finds can be securely dated for the stratigraphic evidence clearly shows that the fill of the pit accumulated after the Turkish occupation period. The pit had been opened following the destruction of the fort, when the Reformed Church began renovation on the site (1693/94). The pit cut through the destruction layer of the Turkish fort and it was overlain and sealed by a post-medieval layer which can be linked to the large-scale building and levelling in the early 1720s (1721/22). The infilling of the pit can thus be dated to the decades around the turn of the 17th-18th centuries. One group of finds from the pit (and also from the whole site) can be assigned to these decades (the milk jug, the blue glass jug, the plate ornamented with a floral design), whilst another can be associated with the later phase of the Turkish occupation. The group of the Turkish period finds include Turkish artefacts (copper vessels, glazed pedestailed bowls, two-handled storage jars, glazed stove tiles), as well as finds of southern Slavic type (such as the hand-thrown pots and coarse baking lid fragments) and local Hungarian (or Central European) artefacts. The Turkish conquerors often used the products of the local Hungarian (and European) industry. The mixture of Turkish and Hungarian (European) artefacts can be demonstrated on all Turkish occupied sites, albeit with a different ratio of Turkish and Hungarian artefacts, usually with the dominance of the latter. At Vál the local Hungarian products from the late Turkish period cannot be distinguished, or are difficult to distinguish, from the finds of the turn of the 17th-18th centuries. The greater part of the Hungarian and Central-European products, however, more likely belong to the post-Turkish period, to the period, when the Reformed Church took over the site. These finds include, for example, the pots with collared rim, the Haban vessels and the unglazed bowl-shaped tile stoves. These artefacts form an organic whole and, in terms of the development of local pottery, reflect a continuity in pottery making in Hungary in the 17th-18th centuries. (At the same time, a similar continuity can be demonstrated in eralier periods for certain find types, such as the red, unglazed pots, some jugs and various iron artefacts, that are rooted in the late Middle Ages - tlie 15th-16th centuries.) 71
