A Móra Ferenc Múzeum Évkönyve: Studia Ethnographicae 1. (Szeged, 1995)

Tóth Ferenc: Állattartó és földművelő tanyák Makón

Farmsteads of Animal-keeping and Agriculture in the Neighbourhood of Makó TÓTH, FERENC The villages neighbouring Makó from the North had been destroyed during the Turkish occupation of Hungary, thus the borders of the city were significantly expanded towards the North. Although the authorities took a poor view of the development of the farmsteads, they tolerated it. In 1779 the council of governor-general ordered the farmsteads to be destroyed but the action did not achieve its aim. Csanád county issued orders concerning the destruction of farmsteads one year earlier, in 1778. The administration of the county then compiled a most detailed report of 94 farmsteads. This revealed that these farmsteads were primarily involved in keeping animals. They were mainly keeping cattle, which they were desposing of at the markets of the West. Besides the farmsteads involved in keeping animals, those of agriculture also appeared, to which orchards and kitchen-gardens belonged as well. The function of the farmsteads listed in the report was of two purposes: on the one hand they served as shelters for the cattle for the winter, on the other hand they were centers of plough-agriculture. 25