A Móra Ferenc Múzeum Évkönyve 2015., Új folyam 2. (Szeged, 2015)

RÉGÉSZET - Pópity Dániel: Egy szarmata füstölőkomplexum Szeged-Tápé, Algyő külterület lelőhelyen

Dániel Pópity

A Sarmatian smoking complex in the vicinity of Szeged

A Sarmatian smoking complex in the vicinity of Szeged (The excavation of the pipeline around SZBT 2 collection station)

Dániel Pópity

In 2008 in connection with the investment of the Szoreg-l Safety Gas Container numerous new pumps and stations were established. One of the latter was SZBT 2 station, located 3 km NE of Szeged (Fig. 1:1-3). The traces of archaeological features appeared during construction in the N-S oriented, ca. 60 m long and 2 m wide track, which turned in an L shape at its southern end (Fig. 1:4). After preliminary investigations, archaeological excavation was carried out in the area between 22 and 28 April 2008. Five archaeological features were observed in the excavated area. The most important feature of the rather modest, 169 m2 large excavated area was a smoking complex (Figs. 2-3). The firebox was created from the 280 cm long, partly filled pit, which was joined by two smoking pits in the north and south through two tunnels. The 40-60 cm wide and 180-190 cm long tunnels had an oval cross section. Only the walls of the northern one were burnt, indicating its more

intensive use. The first Sarmatian smoking complex published in Hungarian literature was found 1.5 km NW from the SZBT 2 station in the 1970s (KŐHEGYI-VÖRÖS 1992.91-94, 33. kép). The currently closest Sarmatian smoking complex is known 1.2 km to the NW, in the area of the pump SZGT 3, investigated in 2008 during the Szőreg 1 investment project. A shared feature is that they are all aligned to a N-S longitudinal axis, and the smoking pit is always in the north. This indicates that they were constructed with the regionally dominant N-S wind in mind.

The material of the small excavation consists mostly of pottery. Ofthe 563 sherds (Fig. 4:5-6) 353 pieces were made on a fast wheel (63 %), 154 were handmade (27 %) and 57 pieces were made on a slow wheel (10 %). Based on the finds (Figs. 5-11) the settlement can be dated to the end of the 4th or the beginning of the 5th century, thus it is coeval with the Sarmatian settlement excavated in the area ofthe Algyő 258 pump.

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