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Néprajz - Bárkányi Ildikó: Gyermekjátékok Csongrád tanyavilágában az 1910–1930-as években

IRODALOM Bálint Sándor 1938 Népünk ünnepei. Budapest. 1980 A szögedi nemzet. A szegedi nagytáj népélete. III. rész. MFMÉ 1978/79—2. Szeged. Felföldi László 1974 A Csongrád megyei gyermekjáték-kutatás. In: Somogyi-könyvtári műhely, 74/3. Szeged, 321—327. Gazda Klára 1980 Gyermekvilág Esztelneken. Néprajzi monográfia. Bukarest. Kálmány Lajos 1877—78 Koszorúk az Alföld vadvirágaiból. I—

II. Arad. Kiss Áron 1891 Magyar gyermekjáték—gyűjtemény. Hasonmás kiadás, Budapest, 1984. Kiss Lajos 1964 Gyermekjátékok Vásárhelyen. Sárkányozás. Sárkány készítés. In: Vásárhelyi kistükör. Budapest, 42—53, 54—59, 59—64. Kovács János 1901 Szeged és népe. Szeged ethnographiája. Szeged. Lábadiné Kedves Klára 1984 Barkócakoszorú. Alfalusi (drávaszögi) népi játékszerek. Eszék. Lajos Árpád 1968 Módszeres szempontok a népi gyermekjátékok rendszerezéséhez. HÓMÉ 7. 139—156. 1971 Magyar népi gyermekjátékok gyűjteménye. Szerk. Hajdú Gyula. Budapest. Papp Imre 1968 A tanyai gyermekek élete Szentes tanyavilágában gyermekéveimben, 1910—15 között. Kézirat. MFM—NA 91—68. Porzsolt Lajos 1885 A magyar labdajátékok könyve. Budapest. Hasonmás kiadás, Kecskemét, 1985. Török József 1971 Gyermekjátékok. In: Tápé története és néprajza. Szerk.: Juhász Antal. Tápé, 785—809. Váry Gellért 1862 Följegyzések a csongrádi nép különféle szokásaiból 1862-ben. Kézirat. EA 4245. Children's Toys and Games played on Csongrád farms from to the 1910—1930s Bárkányi, Ildikó The town of Csongrád, with approximately 20 thousand inhabitants, situated in southern portion of the Hungarian Great Plain, in the early part of the 20th century was mainly an agricultural settlement. The peasants working in the agricultural domain mostly lived in farming communities, only migrating to the city in their old age. The economic median of the peasantry who owned between 8 to 20 acres of land and on average bore between 4 to 6 childrenw ho after their schooling day would work in the fields and on the farm as well. Children began this routine between the ages five or six years old. During their extra curricular free time — mostly during school and work breaks and while watching over their flocks, they could find some time to develop their own forms of amusement through toys and games. With the help of their parents, they would ereate toys from plants and nuts, wood, paper and rags which they could find. The young boys would chiefly make play guns tools and cars — while girls prefered dolls, jewellery and furniture. In terms of sport equipment, children also made themselves sleighs, skates and made balls out or rags or fur from farm animals. They made kites from paper, which they created from several designs. Manufactured toys were rare, only making their appearance in the late 20s. The games they played were tests of skill and strength. The prefered games were those played with teams, two examples being tekézés and csülközés, being the most popular games at the time. Girls played amongs themselves, making a circle where they would sing and play. They also played with marbles, buttons and balls — separate games were created, each with their own rules. At the end of the 19th century, a vicar from Csongrád wrote a book concerning the vocabulary and songs used — but by this period they had become obsolete. 262