A Móra Ferenc Múzeum Évkönyve, 1968. (Szeged, 1968)

Gallé, László: The xerothermic lichen species cladonia magyarica VAIN

ter. setigerus Typus: In herb. Mus. Szeged. Fig.: I. PISÚT, Preslia, 1. с. p. 371. Habitationes in territorio Hungáriáé: A-IV/3. - Comit. Bács-Kiskun: Pr. p. Jakabszállás, in silva „Kisasszonyerdeje" nominata. Substr.: solo arenoso. 120 m. 1960. FÓRISS F. (Hb. Fóriss). Comit. Csongrád: Pr. p. Ásotthalom, in silva „Ásotthalmi erdő", 114 m. 1934. BAKONYI L. (Hb. Bakonyi). - Pr. p. Pusztamérges, in silva „Honvéderdő", solo arenoso. 78 m. 1934. BAKONYI L. (Hb. Bak.) - Pr. p. Csengele, in silva „Csengelei erdő", ad terram arenosam. 98 m. 1934. BAKONYI L. (Hb. Bak.) - Pr. p. Ásotthalom, in silva „Ásotthalmi erdő". Terra arg. in Pinetis. 114 m. 1936. FÓRISS F. (Hb. Fóriss). - Pr. p. Pusztamérges, in silva „Honvéderdő", solo arenoso. 78 m. 1958. GALLÉ L. (Hb. Gallé). - Ibidem, in solo Robineti. 78 m. 1941. TÍMÁR L. (Hb. Gallé. - Pr. p. Csengele, in silva „Csengelei erdő", ad terram arenosam. 110 m. 1961. GALLÉ L. (Hb. Gallé). Summary (1) The Cladonia magyarica VAIN, is a characteristic, soilmarking lichen species of the sand areas of the Pannonian flora region, a xerothermic and photophilous plant, tolerating high (62-66° C) temperature and a withering of the highest degree, too. One of its variations, the f. pocilliformis (VAIN.) PISÚT is groving on the surface of moss grasses. This form is a hygrophilous variation occurring also in mountainous woods, on a substratum on lime content. (2) It is highly xerophytic owing to the spongy internal construction of the primary thallus and of the podetia. In the medulla and in the interior of podetia the retention and maximal utilization of huidity is assured by small vapourchambers formed from hypha texture. (3) The double-walled, funnel-Ике shape of podetia is assured by the holding septa running between the two layers. (4) We have succeeded in breeding purely and determining the gonidia of the lichen. The alga species living in symbiosis with the fungus of Cladonia magyarica proved to be Cystococcus cladoniae magyaricae. (5) The lichen is containing two characteristic agents: atranorin and fumarprotocetraric acid. As to their antibiotic activity, both of them have a bactericide effect on Gram-positive bacteria. (6) The Cladonia magyarica is one of the character species of the synusium Cladonia foliacea - Cladonia magyarica forming the moss level of Festucetum vaginatae (RAP.) SOÓ, Festucetum vaginatae-Corynephoretum danubiale SOÓ, Astragalo-Festucetum sulcatae danubiale SOÓ. It occurs in the associations Junipereto-populetum, Artemisio-Festucetum pseudovinae, Festucetum vaginatae danubiale a) salicetosum rosmarinifoliae (MAGYAR) SOó and b) stipetosum capillatae (MAGYAR) SOÓ as well. (7) Inside the species Cladonia magyarica as typical form there may be distinguished six well-separable forms and one teratological form. Thesen forms - except the f. pocilliformis - are present in the same localities, too. 265