Juhász Irén: A Vésztő-Mágori-domb (Békéscsaba, Békés Megyei Múzeumok Igazgatósága, 2006)

SUMMARY The History of the Mágor Hill from the Late Stone Age to the Middle Age Wet of the large village of Vésztő in Békés County arises the Mágor Hill on the left side of the Holt Sebes Körös river. Through the finds from the prehistoric ages, we can obtain an insight into the everyday life and the world of belief of the peoples and ethnic groups settling here. The peoples following each other in time and, with shorter or longer interruptions, living a settled life here for thousands of years left a civilization layer of considerable thickness consisting of the ruins of their houses and household waste measuring 700 cm, dividing into building layers of 9 civilizations. At the bottom of the row of layers of Mágor Hill we found the layers of the civilizations of the late Stone Age, blooming between 3500-2600 B.C. It is only the earthen vessels and the tools they had made of bones and stone that tell us about their way of life, as under the conditions of our loose soitl, only those have remained. We show an outstanding group of finds in our exhibition: a sanctuary of the late Stone Age together with the finds of religious relation found in it. On the western slope of the hill we have discovered 27 neolithic graves so far. The dead were buried lying on their left or right side. It is in VésztőMágor that we first found neolithic graves containing coffins in our country. To intergrate solemnity, the dead were painted with reddish ochre, then wrapped in mat and so put into the coffin. Following the late Stone Age, the population living here at the time of, the late Copper Age of the Tiszapolgár-Culture (2600-2300 B.C.) left a 90100 cm thick habitation layer. The 17 graves from the Copper Age, found scattered int he whole field of the settlement, were very rich in ceramics, tools and jewellery. In prehistory, the hill was populated last at the time of the Gyulavarsánd-Culture (1750-1300 B.C.) of the middle Bronze Age. The ceramics of this population certify their high level of workmanship, their developed aesthetics. For almost 2000 years following the middle Bronze Age the hill doesn't show any sign of human life. The Csolt-Monastery - A Middle Age Ruin Garden and Historical Exhibition At the time of the Hungarian Conquest at the end of the 9th century, our ancestors took hold of this part of the country as well.