A Békés Megyei Múzeumok Közleményei 21. (Békéscsaba, 2000)

Liska András: Régészeti korú tárgyak egy magángyűjtő hagyatékából

Régészeti korú tárgyak egy magángyűjtő hagyatékából Objects of archaeological age from the heritage of a private collector - András Liska Resume Role and significance of the archaeological private collections have been changed basically since the beginnings of the museology in the 19

th century. Information value of the objects being in the property of the present-day private collectors is rather low for the archaeological research using elaborated methods. Many times - owing to its incidental character - registration of the objects and the acquisition of them for the museumcollections hit against serious difficulties. In some lucky cases the private collection can be taken over partially or totally by the museum. In this way the objects of archaeological age can be preserved in safe circumstances and by can serve the science and the wide publicity. The collection presented in the following study is formed by the activities of an amateur collector, who restored the items of his collection on his own and systemised according to his individual conception. The finding place of the individual items and further data essentially important for the archaeological research unfortunately are not recorded by him. After his death the data certainly known for him cannot be reconstructed any more, and without these the information value of the objects has decreased significantly. The composition of the collection, however, beyond being a memory of the collector's individual taste, divergent interest, is a sort of mirror of the history of the Carpathian Basin. József Koczkás (1942-1998) visited by choice the regions of the known archaeological finding places around Békéscsaba and Gyula, the area of the Fényesi Farms. Through his acquaintances, friends he appeared also in Tószeg, in the region of Ságvár and Szentkirály szabadj a. The most beautiful items of his collection were purchased and exchanged from collectors, antiquarians in Berettyóújfalu, Csökmő, Szolnok and Budapest. After the death of the collector the collection was offered for purchase to the Erkel Ferenc Museum of Gyula and thus the objects went over into the property of the museum through purchase. The majority of the totally 2372 pieces of objects is flint instrument or chip (2040 pieces of items), further 332 objects are a set of ceramic, bone, stone, iron and glass objects, their age can specified from the prehistoric age till the late Middle Age. Majority of them can be inserted well typologically in the known object groups of the individual ages, publication of some objects, however, is reasoned by its uniqueness. From the 127