Nagy Gyula: Parasztélet a vásárhelyi pusztán (A Békés Megyei Múzeumok Közleményei 4. Békéscsaba, 1975)
Idegennyelvű kivonatok, képaláírások, képek
cooking. They boil also in water the different flour combining noodles mixed with potato. The advantage of this kind of noodles is in the quickness of making. The most fashionable soups are made of bean, potatoe, dried paste, tomato etc. The volume also talks about the different browned meats seasoned with paprika which are also popular but much more rare than doughy dishes. At last it makes the reader acquainted with some concrete weekly menues. The author follows dressing with attention to its distribution by sexes and ages of life. Before World War I. children under 3 or 4 years wore mostly but one linen shirt. After this age girls got skirt and boys drawers. When boys had reached school-age they got trousers too. Barefooted children were frequent still between the two world wars at least by summertime. Welthier families already have had made boots for their children at schoolage. The dressing of grown-up men differs from town or citizen dressing just in a small degree. The material of it is nearly entirely industrial product, except the fur overgarments made of sheepskin by handicraftsmen. The colourful ornament made by fancy work was entirely missing from men's dressing. Blue and black thick industrial broad-cloth was the most general. The wide linen trousers wore as overgarment in summer disappeared here already at the turn of the century. After all, still had remained some differences in nuances of tailoring and models between the two kind of origin of the population so it was ascertainable that whose origin was from Vásárhely and whose from Orosháza. Woman's dress was made of industrial material too by local needlewomen. No special local type developed in woman's dressing. The main direction line was the authority of citizen fashion with some decades lateness. Skirt and blouse were the two most important parts of woman's overgarment. The material and colour of them was quite vaiiated. The author reports some dress inventories of marriage portion from different wealth strata. There was a significant difference between festive and working dresses. In olders' dressing dark colours dominated. Chapter 7 th examines the forms, moods and scopes of social living together. The run of farms gives many kind of occasions for gathering a bigger number of people, where determined conventions rule the behaviour. For example there were markets once a week where they realized their produce. It didn't mean only a farm business but rather a semifeast just as every other occasion that absolved people somehow from everydays' workrhythm of hard labour. They had already prepared the goods for selling in the days before the market and put it on horse carriage early in the dawn that they would sell it as soon as possible. These goods were dairy-produce, eggs, poultry etc. They brought piglets, hogs, bigger animals and cereals to the market only few times a year. By the way but mainly at the market place there were good occasions for comparing not only the goods but carriages and dressing also. It might had been regarded as some kind of gathering experience. When the goods had been sold they did their shoppings and made head for home as quickly as possible it was, but still had a chat with their acquaintances and relatives to gather some news. The success, not only of marketing but of the whole farming, depended on the practicability of transportation so understandable is the great thoughtfulness with what they took care of vehicles, and also, that it was a matter of prestige too. More kinds of carriages they had for different occasions and purposes. The author describes these carriages meticulously and reports of their making too. Without conveyance means it could be impossible to go to the mill where they used to go at least four times a year. For a family of four persons three or four sacks of wheat were enough for about a quarter of a year. Mostly they brought this quantity for each occasion. They prefered waiting till the miller had milled their wheat that they would take home at once the flour, bran and semolina. Still in the last century there were windmills on the 638
