Tóth Arnold (szerk.): Néprajz - muzeológia: Tanulmányok a múzeumi tudományok köréből a 60 éves Viga Gyula tiszteletére (Miskolc, 2012)

A TÁJ ÉS A TÁJFORMÁLÓ EMBER - ILYÉS ZOLTÁN: A facsonkolás hatása a lombkorona alakjára és a kultúrtáj mintázottságára (Recens példák Erdélyből)

THE EFFECTS OF TRUNCATION ON THE SHAPE OF FOLIAGE AND THE PATTERNS OF CULTIVATED LANDSCAPE - RECENT EXAMPLES FROM TRANSYLVANIA Trees were often truncated in order to get firewood and leaf-fodder. This method was not as popular in closed forests as in grazing forests, on meadows and in the vicinity of settlements. Hungarian ethnographical literature talks about truncation mainly in connection with animal keeping and leaf-fodder. The regulations which prohibited grazing or truncation (such as Székely settlement laws) refer to a popular utilization. They affected the yield of wood, the shape of the forests and their regeneration. This paper describes old and recent truncation methods and their effects on the shape of foliage and the patterns of cultivated landscape with the help of four photographs taken in Transylvania. [Translation by Mónika Redela] Zoltán Ilyés 559