Tóth Arnold (szerk.): Néprajz - muzeológia: Tanulmányok a múzeumi tudományok köréből a 60 éves Viga Gyula tiszteletére (Miskolc, 2012)

TÖRTÉNETI FORRÁSOK NÉPRAJZI ÉRTELMEZÉSÉNEK LEHETŐSÉGEI - GYULAI ÉVA: Két Bacchus - A mértékletes borivás eszménye Sambucus Bacchus-emblémájában, 1566

VISSER, A. S. Q. 2005 Joannes Sambucus and the learned image: the use of the emblem in late-Renaissance humanism. Leiden-Boston, Brill (Brill's Studies in Intellectual History, vol. 128) DUAL BACCHUS - IDEAL OF MODERATE WINE DRINKING ON EMBLEM OF BACCHUS CREATED BY SAMBUCUS, 1566 John Zsámboky (Johannes Sambucus 1531-1584) published another emblem on Bacchus entitled Mediocria prosunt in the second edition of his Emblemata (Antwerp, 1566), after having issued one in his editio princeps with the title Odi memorem compotorem. The emblem of 1566 is depicting the ancient God of wine in dual form, the young Bacchus one hand and the old on the other hand. The Latin emblem verse (subsciptio) is about the two ways of drinking, the excess and drunkenness features the old Bacchus with long beard, immersed in sorrow and raging foolishly, than again the temperance is represented by the hilarious young god with ivy wreath on his hair. The author of the poem, Sambucus praises the benefits of wine moderately drunk, because moderate things are usually to one's advantage (mediocria prosunt) and condemns the binge drinking which leads to crime, even to murder. The image of the emblem (pictura) points the same moral meaning, there can be seen two figures, i. e. an old man sitting on a barrel and a cheerful young one, both are almost naked. The duality of Bacchus is mentioned by the late classical ancient authors as Diodorus Siculus and Nonnus, and by humanists of Sambucus' era, among them Giraldi. [Translated by the author] Eva Gyulai 442