Gyulai Iván - Szakáll Sándor szerk.: Natura Borsodiensis I. (Miskolc, 1986)

VÖRÖS ISTVÁN: A Szerencs-Taktaföldvári későneolit telep állatcsontleletei

ANIMAL-BONES FOSSIL OF LATE NEOLITHIC SETTLEMENT IN SZERENCSTAKTAFÖLDVÁR Abstract Several sherds and animal bones were found during sandgaining in the sandpit in Szerencs-Taktaföldvár. After the finds had been reported, T. Keraenczei, from the Herman Ottó Museum in Miskolc, carried out rescue excavations in 1967. He uncovered a part of the settlement of Tisza-culture people. 568 fragments of animal bones have been found during the.excavations. All the bones could both anatomically and specifically be determined. During the rescue excavations, depending on the circumstances, only parts of the settlement units could be unearthed, thus the representation of animal bones from the units, except 5th pit in section IV., was only of 3o-4o Bone remnants of the cattle of primigenius type /Bos taurus "primigenius"/, both species of small ruminants: the peat-sheep /Ovis aries palustris Rütimeyer/ and goat of the aegagrus type /Capra hircus L. var. aegagrus Erxleben/, the pig /Sus scrofa domestica Gray/ and the peat-dog /Canis familiáris palustris Rütimeyer/ from among the domestic animals, the horse /Equus /s.str./ sp./, the aurochs /Bos primigenius Bojanus/, the red-deer /Cervus elaphus L./, the roa-deer /Capreolus capreolus L./, the Eastern-European ?>ild boar /Sus scrofa attila Thomas/ from among the hunted animals, the asprey /Haliaaetus albicilla L./ and the goose /Anser anser L./ from among the birds, the pond tortoise /Emys orbicuaris L./, the silure /Silurus glanis L./ and a fish with smaller body /Piscis ind./ from among the fishes were unearthed /Table 1./. The osteometrical data and the sculpture of the bone fragments make it probable that 80-85?? of the cattle bones belonged to female animals. The groupping of the cattle bones according to body regions, following Kretzoi's method /Table 3./ illustrates the heterogenious distribution of the osteological material. The osteological representation of body regions used diferentially as food is not uniform. The dominant form of the trunk region /B/ proves that the catties were slaughtered and preliminary chopped inside the settlement. The horn core finds made it possible to determine the type of the domestic goat. The horn core structure of 4 she-goats and 1 he-goat is of aegagrus type. In Hungary, during prehistoric times the horn cores reminding the most of the bezoar wild goat of Asia Minor and Near East are those of domestic goats unearthed on Late Neolithic settlements. It