Kalicz Nándor - Koós Judit: Mezőkövesd-Mosolyás. A neolitikus Szatmár-csoport (AVK I) települése és temetője a kr. e. 6. évezred második feléből - Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén megye régészeti emlékei 9. (Miskolc, 2014)
Mezőkövesd-Mocsolyás - A brief overview of the Szatmár group (ALBK 1) in the light of the excavations and the assessment of the site and its finds
88 Nándor Kalicz-Judit Koós features of the Körös culture and of the Szatmár group. (Despite the clear, concise text of László Domboróczki’s studies, János Makkay has repeatedly presented an erroneous interpretation of the relative chronology between the Körös culture and the Szatmár group because he misread “upper” for “lower”.) Several samples from the Tiszaszőlős-Domaháza-puszta settlement were submitted for radiocarbon dating. The calibrated dates for the Körös culture fell between 5850 and 5620 BC, while the occupation levels of the Szatmár group gave dates between 5620 and 5460 BC. The dates between 5060 and 4800 BC indicated the chronology of the Szakálhát features uncovered at the site. These dates can serve as guidelines for the interpretation of the late dates from Mocsolyás. László Domboróczki dated the late ALBK (based also on the evidence for the Szakálhát, Bükk, Esztár and Szilmeg groups) between 5200 and 5100 BC, corresponding to Phase 5 at Gubakút. The third important site, incorporating both a settlement and a burial ground, is Polgár-Ferenczi- hát, one of the sites on Polgár Island excavated by Pál Raczky and Alexandra Anders. The stratigraphic relation between the Szatmár group and the late ALBK phase (Phase 4) observed during the excavation, confirmed by reliable calibrated radiocarbon dates, was discussed and published in a comprehensive study. A stratigraphic sequence reflecting three successive occupations was noted on the Ferenczi-hál site. A community of the Szatmár group, representing the earliest ALBK phase (Phase 1), had established its settlement on the prehistoric humus level, which was dated to 5467-5344 cal BC. This was overlain by the ALBK 2-3 occupation, for which there were no radiocarbon dates, which in turn was overlain by an occupation level of the late ALBK (Phase 4) representing a mixed culture, dated to between 5293 and 5068 cal BC. It must be emphasized that the radiocarbon dates for the settlement and the associated burials correlate well. In their assessment of the dates for the site, Pál Raczky and Alexandra Anders also took into consideration the radiocarbon dates for the Gubakút settlement and burials, and the assumed use-life of the houses. This enables the interpretation of the calibrated dates within fairly broad limits. The studies offering an assessment of the finds from these three sites and their chronology provide a secure foundation for future ALBK studies and they also offer a sound basis for future studies on the problems concerning the Szatmár group (ALBK 1).
