Kalicz Nándor - Koós Judit: Mezőkövesd-Mosolyás. A neolitikus Szatmár-csoport (AVK I) települése és temetője a kr. e. 6. évezred második feléből - Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén megye régészeti emlékei 9. (Miskolc, 2014)
Függelék - Sümegi Pál: Mezőkövesd-Mocsolyás kozépső neolitikus lelőhely környezettörténeti vizsgálata
318 Sümegi Pál Environmental studies at the Middle Neolithic site of Mezőkövesd-Mocsolyás Pál Sümegi The palaeoenvironmental studies in the broader area of the Middle Neolithic settlement at Mezőkövesd- Mocsolyás, dated to 5400-5250 cal BC, enabled the reconstruction of the following geological and palaeontological sequence: An alluvial cone development phase, which has survived in the form of gravelly and sandy beds on the margins of the piedmont. Local geomorphological differences evolved on the surface of the alluvial cone (such as the ones between the one-time river beds and the river banks). The Halom-domb Hill formation rising above the alluvial cone emerged at this time. This development phase ended about 20-30 thousand years ago when, as a result of the subsidence of the foreland, the rivers and streams building the alluvial cone became incised into their own detritus, leading to the erosion of the alluvial cone. The groundwater table level dropped inconsequence of the incision and the surface of the alluvial cone became drier. Aeolian dust accumulated on the drier alluvial cone and a 1-2 ra thick infusion loess cover evolved. The Csincse and Kánya streams created an increasingly wide alluvial plain on the alluvial cone and their lateral erosion led to the continuous destruction of its surface. A significant amount of Aeolian dust accumulated on the floodplain of these streams, but owing to the substantial and more constant water cover, this minerorganic sediment was not transformed into loessy layers. The rise in temperature at the close of the Pleistocene and the onset of the Holocene led to the profound transformation of the site’s broader environment, reflected by the appearance of deciduous trees, a woodland cover, and intensive soil formation on the floodplain and the loessy areas. It seems likely that the hardwood gallery forests and the closed oak forests covering the loessy areas had a vegetation with a rich shrub level resembling the one in the higher mountain regions. Arriving around 6200-6300 BP (5400-5200 cal BC), the first food-producing communities of the Neolithic entered this ecosystem, formed during the early Holocene. The first Neolithic communities transformed their environment to some extent through slash-and- bum agriculture, leading to significant soil erosion from the prominent Halom-domb Hill to the lower-lying floodplains. The closed forest cover was opened, leading to the appearance of parkland and open areas (pastures and arable fields), resulting in a mosaic patterning of the environment. This anthropogenic impact led to changes in the development of the area’s soil and fauna, causing a break in the area’s natural development and its subsequent modification.
