Belényesy Károly: Pálos kolostorok az Abaúji-Hegyalján (Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén megye régészeti emlékei 3. Miskolc, 2004)

PAULINE FRIARIES IN THE ABAÚJ HEGYALJA REGION

appeared in the 1950s (Budaszentlörinc, Klastrompuszta

3 ). New impetus reached the investigation of Pauline communities from the late 1960s, when the large-scale project of the Magyarország Régészeti Topográfiája (Archaeological Topography of Hungary) started. The first target for this program was Veszprém County, where systematical field survey revealed the sites of several Pauline monasteries (Badacsony, 33 Salföld,

34 Nagyvázsony,

35 Tálod,

JO Tüskevár/' Porva

JS

). During the fieldwork, special emphasis was laid on the presentation of the connections between the monasteries and their landscape. This research direction can be mainly connected to Tamás Guzsik and Rudolf Fehérvári,

39 who started to systematically localize and document the monasteries, focusing mainly on architectural remains. Their catalogue, published in the early 1980s, became the most frequently used handbook of scholars.

40 All in all, they created the bases for a new scholarly approach, which effectively combined the architectural perspective with the accurate methods used by Iván Ádám. Their primarily interest was focused on the cloister and they tried to identify various types of buildings, however, many sites still lacked archaeological investigation. The number of excavated monasteries slowly increased (Budaszentlörinc,

41 Klastrompuszta,

42 Nagyvázsony,

43 Salföld,

44 Diósgyőr

45

). The focal point of the surveys was still the ground plan, the building, the archetypes, and the question of the Pauline workshops.

46 Simultaneously, new aspects appeared in the historical literature of the 1960s 1970s. In addition to the quoted works Elemér Mályusz, here the activity of Ferenc Levente Hervay and József Török must be referred to.

47 Being church historians, they placed careful source analysis and liturgical investigation into a different context.

48 Their efforts were mostly connected to the project of the research group established by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, creating the vast source 36 37 Bencze-Szekér, 1993; the latest publication is Bencze, 2000. 32 Méri, n. p. 33 MRT 1, 27-28, 2/1. 34 MRT 1, 176,57/2. 33 MRT 2, 136-138, 33/8. 36 MRT 2. 181-182,41/6. 37 MRT 3, 242-247,60/8. 38 MRT 4, 218, 67/1. 39 Guzsik, 1979, Fehérvári, 1979, Guzsik-Fehérvári, 1981. 40 Guzsik-Fehérvári, 1980. 41 See note 6 42 MRT 5, 234-237, 9/6., Kovalovszky, 1992. 43 Koppány, 1966. 44 Zsiray-Sch. Pusztay, 1967. 43 Lovász, 1981. 46 Guzsik, 1984, Guzsik, 1994. 47 Hervay, 1984, Hervay, 1988, Török, 1977. 48 For liturgical history also see: Knapp, 1983. collection of the Pauline Order, the Documenta Artis Paulinorum (henceforth: DAP).

50 Recent investigations still produce significant results. Surveys at the Budaszentlörinc monastery,

51 the Pilisszentlélek monastery,

52 and the MárianosztraToronyalja monastery

53 continued. Historical studies also yielded remarkable essays, studies by Zsuzsa Bandi,

54 Éva Knapp,

55 Gábor Sarbak,

56 Beatrix F. Romhányi,

57 and contributions by the noted German historian, Kaspar Elm

58 are worth to emphasize. The first international symposium of contemporary research was held in Stadtschalinine (Austria).

59 The second meeting was hosted in Budapest in 1991,

60 and in 1996, another conference was held in Weingarten.

61 Lately, a new, international collection of high standard essays was published in 2000.

62 TOPOGRAPHY OF PAULINE MONASTERIES IN THE ABAÚJ-HEGYALJA REGION 1. REGEC, ST. PHILIP AND JACOB MONASTERY

63 (Map 1, Appendix 1) The exact time of its foundation is not known, it was presumably founded around the turn of the thirteenth-fourteenth century. The monastery is first mentioned in 1307, when the church of St Philip and St Jacob got permission to have a forty-day long patronal festival from the Archbishop of Esztergom.

64 In this period the powerful and ancient Aba family owned the castle and settlement of Regéc.

65 There is no data about the circumstances of the foundation in either the title of the church or the first written data about it. However, it The following works can be cited as antecedents of this work: Mályusz, 1925, Molnár, 1972, Molnár, 1975. DAP I—

III Bencze, 1991, Bencze-Szekér, 1993. Lázár, 1992, Lázár, 1994. MRT 9, 188-189, 17/14, Miklós, 1994, Miklós, 1997. Bandi, 1985. Knapp, 1994. Sarbak, 2000. F. Romhányi, 2000b Elm, 2000. See The Pauliner, 1984. The collected essays of the conference were published under the name Varia Paulina. {Varia Paulina I, 1984) Other volumes, focusing especially on primary sources, are also available: Varia Paulina III, and Varia Paulina IV. Bin Eremitenorden aus Ungarn: Die Pauliner. Gesichte-StrukturVerbreitung. Weingarten, 1996. Elm,2000. DAP II., 309-311. Györffy, 1963 115 In 1307 palatine Aba Amadé owned the castle of Regéc. Györffy, 1963 134-135, Fügedi, 1977 181, Engel, 1977 144-145.